New Democratic Party (NDP) Member of Provincial Parliament (MPP) Chris Glover introduced a new bill aimed at safeguarding migratory birds. Bill 145, the Bird-Safe Windows Act, 2023, would amend the Building Code Act, 1992 to ensure Ontario Regulation 332/12 (Building Code) includes the Canadian Standards Association Bird-Friendly Building Design Standard. Glover's initiative aims to mandate bird-safe windows in all new constructions and major renovations. The move comes in response to the Ford government's inaction in the face of an estimated two million bird deaths from window collisions in Ontario since the fall of 2021.
Issue 55
This Week's Spotlights
Legislative Spotlights
NDP MPP Introduces Legislation for Bird-Safe Buildings in Ontario
Senate Rejects Amendment to Federal Farm Carbon Tax Exemption Bill
The majority of Canadian senators voted to reject an amendment to Bill C-234, a private member’s bill tabled by Conservative Member of Parliament Ben Lobb. The bill aims to expand the carbon tax exemption for farming fuels under the Greenhouse Gas Pollution Pricing Act. The Senate Standing Committee on Agriculture and Forestry had previously modified the bill, excluding the heating and cooling of barns and greenhouses from the exemption. However, the Committee’s amendment was thwarted as forty-two senators voted against it, allowing the unaltered bill to advance for third reading and Royal Assent. Several agricultural organizations, including SaskPork, SaskCanola, and SaskWheat, had lobbied senators to oppose the amendment and uphold the original version of Bill C-234 claiming it would unfairly exclude tens of thousands of ranchers, farmers and growers.
The majority of Canadian senators voted to reject an amendment to Bill C-234, a private member’s bill tabled by Conservative Member of Parliament Ben Lobb. The bill aims to expand the carbon tax exemption for farming fuels under the Greenhouse Gas Pollution Pricing Act. The Senate Standing Committee on Agriculture and Forestry had previously modified the bill, excluding the heating and cooling of barns and greenhouses from the exemption. However, the Committee’s amendment was thwarted as forty-two senators voted against it, allowing the unaltered bill to advance for third reading and Royal Assent. Several agricultural organizations, including SaskPork, SaskCanola, and SaskWheat, had lobbied senators to oppose the amendment and uphold the original version of Bill C-234 claiming it would unfairly exclude tens of thousands of ranchers, farmers and growers.
British Columbia Government Releases Draft Framework on Biodiversity
The government of British Columbia has released a draft Biodiversity and Ecosystem Health Framework, outlining a shared vision for preserving ecosystem health and biodiversity. The Framework will shape future legislation, policies, and actions, emphasizing collaboration with First Nations and the broader public. As the province currently lacks comprehensive legislation for the protection of endangered species, the Wilderness Committee, a local environmental education organization, has raised concerns about the absence of a clear commitment to developing an overarching law to protect species and their habitats. The draft Framework is currently open for public comment.
The government of British Columbia has released a draft Biodiversity and Ecosystem Health Framework, outlining a shared vision for preserving ecosystem health and biodiversity. The Framework will shape future legislation, policies, and actions, emphasizing collaboration with First Nations and the broader public. As the province currently lacks comprehensive legislation for the protection of endangered species, the Wilderness Committee, a local environmental education organization, has raised concerns about the absence of a clear commitment to developing an overarching law to protect species and their habitats. The draft Framework is currently open for public comment.
Litigation Spotlights
Newfoundland Court of Appeal Overturns Acquittal for Animal Cruelty
The Court of Appeal of Newfoundland and Labrador overturned the provincial court acquittal of Robert Picco on eight counts of criminal animal cruelty. Picco had been charged with neglecting four severely emaciated beagles in 2018. Despite evidence from a veterinarian pathologist describing the dogs as emaciated, starving, and near death, Judge Jacqueline Brazil acquitted Picco in 2021, arguing the Crown had not proven the dogs were “suffering.” Last year, Supreme Court Judge Peter O’Flaherty upheld the acquittal, stating that Justice Brazil’s finding that the dogs were not suffering was a factual determination, which falls to the trial judge to make. However, a recent decision by the Newfoundland and Labrador Appeal Court disagreed, citing errors in the previous rulings. The Court of Appeal concluded that the dogs were indeed suffering and that Picco should have known the consequences of denying food and water to the dogs, reinstating the charges and ordering a new trial. University of Alberta law professor Peter Sankoff emphasized the significance of the ruling, calling it “one of the three most important cases ever decided on animal cruelty.”
The Court of Appeal of Newfoundland and Labrador overturned the provincial court acquittal of Robert Picco on eight counts of criminal animal cruelty. Picco had been charged with neglecting four severely emaciated beagles in 2018. Despite evidence from a veterinarian pathologist describing the dogs as emaciated, starving, and near death, Judge Jacqueline Brazil acquitted Picco in 2021, arguing the Crown had not proven the dogs were “suffering.” Last year, Supreme Court Judge Peter O’Flaherty upheld the acquittal, stating that Justice Brazil’s finding that the dogs were not suffering was a factual determination, which falls to the trial judge to make. However, a recent decision by the Newfoundland and Labrador Appeal Court disagreed, citing errors in the previous rulings. The Court of Appeal concluded that the dogs were indeed suffering and that Picco should have known the consequences of denying food and water to the dogs, reinstating the charges and ordering a new trial. University of Alberta law professor Peter Sankoff emphasized the significance of the ruling, calling it “one of the three most important cases ever decided on animal cruelty.”
Enforcement Spotlights
Neglected Horses Spark Concerns About SPCA's Response
Carly Marchand, operator of Freedom’s Gate Equine Rescue Society, criticized the British Columbia Society for the Prevention of Cruelty to Animals (BC SPCA) for not intervening in the case of two neglected horses she rescued. Marchand, informed by locals about the emaciated horses and one with a leg wound, insisted that several calls had been made to the BC SPCA, contrary to their claim of receiving only one report. She asserted that no action was taken, emphasizing the organization's responsibility to ensure immediate veterinary care for injured animals. An investigation is now underway and the rescued horses, named Devante and Finian, are receiving proper care with Marchand.
Carly Marchand, operator of Freedom’s Gate Equine Rescue Society, criticized the British Columbia Society for the Prevention of Cruelty to Animals (BC SPCA) for not intervening in the case of two neglected horses she rescued. Marchand, informed by locals about the emaciated horses and one with a leg wound, insisted that several calls had been made to the BC SPCA, contrary to their claim of receiving only one report. She asserted that no action was taken, emphasizing the organization's responsibility to ensure immediate veterinary care for injured animals. An investigation is now underway and the rescued horses, named Devante and Finian, are receiving proper care with Marchand.
Agency Spotlights
British Columbia Animal Advocates Stage Protest in Response to Planned Deer Cull
Animal rights advocates and residents of Sidney Island, British Columbia, gathered to protest a plan to eradicate the island’s entire deer population, one or two hundred animals by shooting them from helicopters at a cost of almost $6 million. Parks Canada, the agency directing the plan, says that the island’s European fallow deer have decimated the local ecosystem and that past attempts at reducing the population have been ineffective. Animal activists, however, argue that the action is not needed as previous hunting operations have been successful in reducing the invasive species’ population. They also note that biodiversity has begun to resurge with deer populations at low but not non-existent levels. Authorities say that staff with the British Columbia Society for the Prevention of Cruelty to Animals will assist with animal wellness oversight, and that the eradication will take place during a ten-day window between November 25th and December 15th.
Animal rights advocates and residents of Sidney Island, British Columbia, gathered to protest a plan to eradicate the island’s entire deer population, one or two hundred animals by shooting them from helicopters at a cost of almost $6 million. Parks Canada, the agency directing the plan, says that the island’s European fallow deer have decimated the local ecosystem and that past attempts at reducing the population have been ineffective. Animal activists, however, argue that the action is not needed as previous hunting operations have been successful in reducing the invasive species’ population. They also note that biodiversity has begun to resurge with deer populations at low but not non-existent levels. Authorities say that staff with the British Columbia Society for the Prevention of Cruelty to Animals will assist with animal wellness oversight, and that the eradication will take place during a ten-day window between November 25th and December 15th.
Ontario Partners with Biigtigong Nishnaabeg First Nation to Revive Boreal Caribou Population in Lake Superior Region
The Ontario government has partnered with Biigtigong Nishnaabeg First Nation to invest nearly $1 million in reviving the boreal caribou population in the North. The multi-year initiative aims to establish a self-sustaining population of boreal caribou along the northeastern shores of Lake Superior. The project, funded through the Caribou Conservation Stewardship Program, involves collaboration with environmental experts, the federal government, First Nations, and private sector partners. This agreement aligns with Ontario’s efforts to implement the Conservation of Caribou, Boreal Population in Ontario agreement, focusing on habitat management, protection, and restoration activities for caribou conservation.
The Ontario government has partnered with Biigtigong Nishnaabeg First Nation to invest nearly $1 million in reviving the boreal caribou population in the North. The multi-year initiative aims to establish a self-sustaining population of boreal caribou along the northeastern shores of Lake Superior. The project, funded through the Caribou Conservation Stewardship Program, involves collaboration with environmental experts, the federal government, First Nations, and private sector partners. This agreement aligns with Ontario’s efforts to implement the Conservation of Caribou, Boreal Population in Ontario agreement, focusing on habitat management, protection, and restoration activities for caribou conservation.
Extensively Drug-Resistant Salmonella Outbreak Linked to Raw Pet Food and Cattle Contact
The Public Health Agency of Canada (PHAC) has linked an ongoing outbreak of drug-resistant salmonella to raw pet food and contact with cattle. Forty confirmed cases, including thirteen hospitalizations, have been reported across six provinces from July 2020 to September 2023. Children under five account for forty-three percent of cases. While no human deaths are reported, some infected dogs and cattle have died. Investigations have not identified a common pet food supplier, but exposure to raw pet food and contact with cattle, especially calves, are cited as likely sources. The PHAC advises against feeding pets raw food due to the risk of bacterial transmission and underscores hygiene precautions.
The Public Health Agency of Canada (PHAC) has linked an ongoing outbreak of drug-resistant salmonella to raw pet food and contact with cattle. Forty confirmed cases, including thirteen hospitalizations, have been reported across six provinces from July 2020 to September 2023. Children under five account for forty-three percent of cases. While no human deaths are reported, some infected dogs and cattle have died. Investigations have not identified a common pet food supplier, but exposure to raw pet food and contact with cattle, especially calves, are cited as likely sources. The PHAC advises against feeding pets raw food due to the risk of bacterial transmission and underscores hygiene precautions.
Calls for Urgent Action as Bear Dens Face Destruction in British Columbia
Advocates and First Nations are calling for legislative amendments to protect bear dens across British Columbia, to create an ethical code of conduct, and to enforce a pause on Site C Dam flooding to prevent harm to hibernating bears. The flood zone, set for rapid submersion at two point five meters per day, holds twenty-four known active bear dens, with potentially more unknown to the government. According to copies of Fish and Wildlife applications retrieved by Wilderness Committee and Awi'nakola Foundation, BC Timber Sales is tranquilizing and relocating hibernating bears to artificial dens, while destroying additional sites to bar winter den access. Wilderness Committee and Awi'nakola Foundation are calling on the provincial government to prioritize animal welfare, imploring a pause in Site C flooding to prevent bears from drowning during their winter hibernation.
Advocates and First Nations are calling for legislative amendments to protect bear dens across British Columbia, to create an ethical code of conduct, and to enforce a pause on Site C Dam flooding to prevent harm to hibernating bears. The flood zone, set for rapid submersion at two point five meters per day, holds twenty-four known active bear dens, with potentially more unknown to the government. According to copies of Fish and Wildlife applications retrieved by Wilderness Committee and Awi'nakola Foundation, BC Timber Sales is tranquilizing and relocating hibernating bears to artificial dens, while destroying additional sites to bar winter den access. Wilderness Committee and Awi'nakola Foundation are calling on the provincial government to prioritize animal welfare, imploring a pause in Site C flooding to prevent bears from drowning during their winter hibernation.
Academic Spotlights
Cigarette-Style Warning Labels on Food Could Reduce Meat Consumption, Study Says
A new study published in the journal Appetite suggests that graphic warning labels on food, similar to those used on tobacco products, could lead to a seven to ten percent decrease in meat selection. The study involved showing 1,001 meat-eating adults images of meals with health, climate, pandemic warnings, or no labels. Pandemic warnings were the most effective, reducing meat choices by ten percent, followed by health warnings at eight point eight percent, and climate warnings at seven point four percent. The researchers believe their findings could help encourage changes in consumer food choices that could ultimately benefit the environment.
A new study published in the journal Appetite suggests that graphic warning labels on food, similar to those used on tobacco products, could lead to a seven to ten percent decrease in meat selection. The study involved showing 1,001 meat-eating adults images of meals with health, climate, pandemic warnings, or no labels. Pandemic warnings were the most effective, reducing meat choices by ten percent, followed by health warnings at eight point eight percent, and climate warnings at seven point four percent. The researchers believe their findings could help encourage changes in consumer food choices that could ultimately benefit the environment.
Climate Report Exposes Leading Canadian Meat Producer as Top Emitter
A recent report by the Coller FAIRR Protein Producer Index revealed that greenhouse gas emissions from the animal agriculture industry rose by an average of over three percent in 2023. Notably, Saputo, a prominent Canadian meat producer, stands out as one of the major contributors, registering a one point thirty-seven percent increase in emissions, totaling almost fifteen million tonnes of carbon dioxide. Only seven out of twenty companies managed to reduce climate emissions despite recommendations from the UN’s Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change. The study underscores the urgent need for industry-wide changes and policy action in the food and agriculture sector to address its substantial contribution to greenhouse gas emissions.
A recent report by the Coller FAIRR Protein Producer Index revealed that greenhouse gas emissions from the animal agriculture industry rose by an average of over three percent in 2023. Notably, Saputo, a prominent Canadian meat producer, stands out as one of the major contributors, registering a one point thirty-seven percent increase in emissions, totaling almost fifteen million tonnes of carbon dioxide. Only seven out of twenty companies managed to reduce climate emissions despite recommendations from the UN’s Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change. The study underscores the urgent need for industry-wide changes and policy action in the food and agriculture sector to address its substantial contribution to greenhouse gas emissions.
Article Explores Benefits and Challenges of Animal Law Education in UK Universities
Rachel Dunn et al, “Teaching Animal Law in UK universities: the benefits, challenges and opportunities for growth” (2023) 57:1 The Law Teacher 15.
Abstract: Animal Law is an emerging field of law both in university teaching and in legal practice. However, it is still relatively unknown in UK universities with only a small percentage offering a course in the subject. Given the growing interest in environmental protection and animal welfare, it is hoped that more universities will develop modules in Animal Law. This article aims to assist in this by answering the why, how and what of Animal Law teaching in UK universities: Why teach Animal Law? How can it be taught within law programmes and what is currently happening? Animal Law is ideal for exploring the interconnectedness of law and ethics and engages students in applying philosophical theories to some of the real-life dilemmas they face. It is also an excellent subject for developing key transferable skills for law students such as critical analysis, research and mooting. The results from a small survey are presented, outlining how Animal Law is currently taught in UK universities and discussing the potential risks Animal Law modules may face due to the imminent changes in legal education. From this analysis, conclusions are drawn on the future of Animal Law teaching in the UK.
Rachel Dunn et al, “Teaching Animal Law in UK universities: the benefits, challenges and opportunities for growth” (2023) 57:1 The Law Teacher 15.
Abstract: Animal Law is an emerging field of law both in university teaching and in legal practice. However, it is still relatively unknown in UK universities with only a small percentage offering a course in the subject. Given the growing interest in environmental protection and animal welfare, it is hoped that more universities will develop modules in Animal Law. This article aims to assist in this by answering the why, how and what of Animal Law teaching in UK universities: Why teach Animal Law? How can it be taught within law programmes and what is currently happening? Animal Law is ideal for exploring the interconnectedness of law and ethics and engages students in applying philosophical theories to some of the real-life dilemmas they face. It is also an excellent subject for developing key transferable skills for law students such as critical analysis, research and mooting. The results from a small survey are presented, outlining how Animal Law is currently taught in UK universities and discussing the potential risks Animal Law modules may face due to the imminent changes in legal education. From this analysis, conclusions are drawn on the future of Animal Law teaching in the UK.
International Spotlights
United States Animal Rights Activist Found Guilty in Open Rescue Case
Wayne Hsiung, lawyer and co-founder of Direct Action Everywhere (DxE), an animal rights group, was found guilty of felony conspiracy to commit trespass and two misdemeanor trespass charges. The charges stemmed from an open rescue organized by DxE, in which seventy chickens and ducks were taken from farms in Petaluma, California. Hsiung represented himself in court but faced restrictions, including a gag order and limitations on the presentation of certain evidence, such as video footage capturing the conditions where the animals were housed. He plans to appeal the verdict, aiming to establish a stronger legal foundation for future open rescue cases. Hsiung's sentencing is scheduled for November 30th.
Wayne Hsiung, lawyer and co-founder of Direct Action Everywhere (DxE), an animal rights group, was found guilty of felony conspiracy to commit trespass and two misdemeanor trespass charges. The charges stemmed from an open rescue organized by DxE, in which seventy chickens and ducks were taken from farms in Petaluma, California. Hsiung represented himself in court but faced restrictions, including a gag order and limitations on the presentation of certain evidence, such as video footage capturing the conditions where the animals were housed. He plans to appeal the verdict, aiming to establish a stronger legal foundation for future open rescue cases. Hsiung's sentencing is scheduled for November 30th.
United Kingdom Introduces Bill to Ban Live Exports of Animals
The United Kingdom has introduced the Animal Welfare (Livestock Exports) Bill, aiming to prohibit the export of cattle, sheep, goats, pigs, and horses for slaughter from England. While exemptions exist for racehorses, the move reflects a long-standing demand to end the stress and suffering experienced by animals during arduous overseas journeys. The legislation is made possible by Brexit, allowing the UK to diverge from the European Union's rules on live animal exports, and aligns with broader animal welfare reforms. The Bill also includes promises of money for farmers to improve animal welfare conditions and a four million pound fund for smaller abattoirs.
The United Kingdom has introduced the Animal Welfare (Livestock Exports) Bill, aiming to prohibit the export of cattle, sheep, goats, pigs, and horses for slaughter from England. While exemptions exist for racehorses, the move reflects a long-standing demand to end the stress and suffering experienced by animals during arduous overseas journeys. The legislation is made possible by Brexit, allowing the UK to diverge from the European Union's rules on live animal exports, and aligns with broader animal welfare reforms. The Bill also includes promises of money for farmers to improve animal welfare conditions and a four million pound fund for smaller abattoirs.
Other Spotlights
Toronto Metropolitan University Startup to Debut World’s First Plant-Based Salmon
New School Foods, led by entrepreneur Chris Bryson, is set to introduce the world's first plant-based salmon filet in 2024. Incubated at Toronto Metropolitan University's Science Discovery Zone, Bryson's team utilized patented muscle fiber technology, crafted by food science professor Dérick Rousseau. The groundbreaking method replicates the authentic flaking experience of real salmon. Backed by TMU's startup incubation program, Bryson aims to revolutionize food consumption, targeting a 2024 restaurant launch and eventual cost competitiveness with traditional salmon.
New School Foods, led by entrepreneur Chris Bryson, is set to introduce the world's first plant-based salmon filet in 2024. Incubated at Toronto Metropolitan University's Science Discovery Zone, Bryson's team utilized patented muscle fiber technology, crafted by food science professor Dérick Rousseau. The groundbreaking method replicates the authentic flaking experience of real salmon. Backed by TMU's startup incubation program, Bryson aims to revolutionize food consumption, targeting a 2024 restaurant launch and eventual cost competitiveness with traditional salmon.
Legislative Updates
NDP MPP Introduces Legislation for Bird-Safe Buildings in Ontario
New Democratic Party (NDP) Member of Provincial Parliament (MPP) Chris Glover introduced a new bill aimed at safeguarding migratory birds. Bill 145, the Bird-Safe Windows Act, 2023, would amend the Building Code Act, 1992 to ensure Ontario Regulation 332/12 (Building Code) includes the Canadian Standards Association Bird-Friendly Building Design Standard. Glover's initiative aims to mandate bird-safe windows in all new constructions and major renovations. The move comes in response to the Ford government's inaction in the face of an estimated two million bird deaths from window collisions in Ontario since the fall of 2021.
New Democratic Party (NDP) Member of Provincial Parliament (MPP) Chris Glover introduced a new bill aimed at safeguarding migratory birds. Bill 145, the Bird-Safe Windows Act, 2023, would amend the Building Code Act, 1992 to ensure Ontario Regulation 332/12 (Building Code) includes the Canadian Standards Association Bird-Friendly Building Design Standard. Glover's initiative aims to mandate bird-safe windows in all new constructions and major renovations. The move comes in response to the Ford government's inaction in the face of an estimated two million bird deaths from window collisions in Ontario since the fall of 2021.
Manitoba Municipality Encourages Responsible Pet Ownership with Updated Animal Control By-Law
Council for the Municipality of Rhineland, Manitoba, updated its animal control by-law to promote responsible pet ownership, especially concerning dogs. The changes make pet licensing free if the animal is up-to-date on vaccinations. This is meant to ensure quick identification and retrieval if a pet is lost. The updated by-law also outlines procedures for dealing with dangerous dogs, emphasizing responsible ownership regardless of breed.
Council for the Municipality of Rhineland, Manitoba, updated its animal control by-law to promote responsible pet ownership, especially concerning dogs. The changes make pet licensing free if the animal is up-to-date on vaccinations. This is meant to ensure quick identification and retrieval if a pet is lost. The updated by-law also outlines procedures for dealing with dangerous dogs, emphasizing responsible ownership regardless of breed.
British Columbia City Implements Wildlife Attractant Bylaw to Protect Black Bears
The City of Rossland, British Columbia, implemented a Wildlife Attractant bylaw to curb the unnecessary killing of black bears in the community in early October. Adopted by Rossland Council, the bylaw introduces measures to mitigate bear attractants such as making bird feeders seasonal, mandating the removal of fallen fruit, and specifying pickup times for refuse containers. These regulations aim to address the issue of bear-human conflicts and promote coexistence in the small community located southeast of Kelowna. Unfortunately, the bylaw has not prevented five bear deaths in October related to attractant and feeding issues.
The City of Rossland, British Columbia, implemented a Wildlife Attractant bylaw to curb the unnecessary killing of black bears in the community in early October. Adopted by Rossland Council, the bylaw introduces measures to mitigate bear attractants such as making bird feeders seasonal, mandating the removal of fallen fruit, and specifying pickup times for refuse containers. These regulations aim to address the issue of bear-human conflicts and promote coexistence in the small community located southeast of Kelowna. Unfortunately, the bylaw has not prevented five bear deaths in October related to attractant and feeding issues.
Senate Rejects Amendment to Federal Farm Carbon Tax Exemption Bill
The majority of Canadian senators voted to reject an amendment to Bill C-234, a private member’s bill tabled by Conservative Member of Parliament Ben Lobb. The bill aims to expand the carbon tax exemption for farming fuels under the Greenhouse Gas Pollution Pricing Act. The Senate Standing Committee on Agriculture and Forestry had previously modified the bill, excluding the heating and cooling of barns and greenhouses from the exemption. However, the Committee’s amendment was thwarted as forty-two senators voted against it, allowing the unaltered bill to advance for third reading and Royal Assent. Several agricultural organizations, including SaskPork, SaskCanola, and SaskWheat, had lobbied senators to oppose the amendment and uphold the original version of Bill C-234 claiming it would unfairly exclude tens of thousands of ranchers, farmers and growers.
The majority of Canadian senators voted to reject an amendment to Bill C-234, a private member’s bill tabled by Conservative Member of Parliament Ben Lobb. The bill aims to expand the carbon tax exemption for farming fuels under the Greenhouse Gas Pollution Pricing Act. The Senate Standing Committee on Agriculture and Forestry had previously modified the bill, excluding the heating and cooling of barns and greenhouses from the exemption. However, the Committee’s amendment was thwarted as forty-two senators voted against it, allowing the unaltered bill to advance for third reading and Royal Assent. Several agricultural organizations, including SaskPork, SaskCanola, and SaskWheat, had lobbied senators to oppose the amendment and uphold the original version of Bill C-234 claiming it would unfairly exclude tens of thousands of ranchers, farmers and growers.
British Columbia Government Releases Draft Framework on Biodiversity
The government of British Columbia has released a draft Biodiversity and Ecosystem Health Framework, outlining a shared vision for preserving ecosystem health and biodiversity. The Framework will shape future legislation, policies, and actions, emphasizing collaboration with First Nations and the broader public. As the province currently lacks comprehensive legislation for the protection of endangered species, the Wilderness Committee, a local environmental education organization, has raised concerns about the absence of a clear commitment to developing an overarching law to protect species and their habitats. The draft Framework is currently open for public comment.
The government of British Columbia has released a draft Biodiversity and Ecosystem Health Framework, outlining a shared vision for preserving ecosystem health and biodiversity. The Framework will shape future legislation, policies, and actions, emphasizing collaboration with First Nations and the broader public. As the province currently lacks comprehensive legislation for the protection of endangered species, the Wilderness Committee, a local environmental education organization, has raised concerns about the absence of a clear commitment to developing an overarching law to protect species and their habitats. The draft Framework is currently open for public comment.
Litigation Updates
Newfoundland Court of Appeal Overturns Acquittal for Animal Cruelty
The Court of Appeal of Newfoundland and Labrador overturned the provincial court acquittal of Robert Picco on eight counts of criminal animal cruelty. Picco had been charged with neglecting four severely emaciated beagles in 2018. Despite evidence from a veterinarian pathologist describing the dogs as emaciated, starving, and near death, Judge Jacqueline Brazil acquitted Picco in 2021, arguing the Crown had not proven the dogs were “suffering.” Last year, Supreme Court Judge Peter O’Flaherty upheld the acquittal, stating that Justice Brazil’s finding that the dogs were not suffering was a factual determination, which falls to the trial judge to make. However, a recent decision by the Newfoundland and Labrador Appeal Court disagreed, citing errors in the previous rulings. The Court of Appeal concluded that the dogs were indeed suffering and that Picco should have known the consequences of denying food and water to the dogs, reinstating the charges and ordering a new trial. University of Alberta law professor Peter Sankoff emphasized the significance of the ruling, calling it “one of the three most important cases ever decided on animal cruelty.”
The Court of Appeal of Newfoundland and Labrador overturned the provincial court acquittal of Robert Picco on eight counts of criminal animal cruelty. Picco had been charged with neglecting four severely emaciated beagles in 2018. Despite evidence from a veterinarian pathologist describing the dogs as emaciated, starving, and near death, Judge Jacqueline Brazil acquitted Picco in 2021, arguing the Crown had not proven the dogs were “suffering.” Last year, Supreme Court Judge Peter O’Flaherty upheld the acquittal, stating that Justice Brazil’s finding that the dogs were not suffering was a factual determination, which falls to the trial judge to make. However, a recent decision by the Newfoundland and Labrador Appeal Court disagreed, citing errors in the previous rulings. The Court of Appeal concluded that the dogs were indeed suffering and that Picco should have known the consequences of denying food and water to the dogs, reinstating the charges and ordering a new trial. University of Alberta law professor Peter Sankoff emphasized the significance of the ruling, calling it “one of the three most important cases ever decided on animal cruelty.”
Enforcement Updates
Three Alberta Dogs Involved in Multiple Summer Attacks Euthanized
Three German Shepherds involved in summer dog attacks in Leduc, Alberta, were euthanized following proceedings under the Dangerous Dog Act. The attacks, which occurred in July 2023, involved a seven-year-old boy, a three-year-old, and an adult woman. The dogs' owners faced eight charges under the City’s Animal Licensing and Control Bylaw and the Dangerous Dog Act, leading to a mandated fine of $1,400. Proposed amendments to City’s Animal Licensing and Control Bylaw will be presented to the City Council, aiming to provide more immediate options for responding to similar situations.
Three German Shepherds involved in summer dog attacks in Leduc, Alberta, were euthanized following proceedings under the Dangerous Dog Act. The attacks, which occurred in July 2023, involved a seven-year-old boy, a three-year-old, and an adult woman. The dogs' owners faced eight charges under the City’s Animal Licensing and Control Bylaw and the Dangerous Dog Act, leading to a mandated fine of $1,400. Proposed amendments to City’s Animal Licensing and Control Bylaw will be presented to the City Council, aiming to provide more immediate options for responding to similar situations.
BC SPCA to Recommend Charges After Seizing Abused Animals
The British Columbia Society for the Prevention of Cruelty to Animals (BC SPCA) executed a search warrant near Nanaimo Airport, seizing distressed goats, dogs, cats, and chickens following allegations of animal abuse by a concerned neighbour. A neighbour reported the neglect, detailing how the animals were left unfed, resulting in severe emaciation. The owner, claiming the goats were rescues, argued they had adequate supplies, though neighbours found animal remains on their properties, believed to be dragged there by scavengers from dead animals on the property. Animal protection officers visited the site, issued notices to the owner, and have removed a number of animals. The BC SPCA plans to recommend charges to crown counsel upon completion of the investigation.
The British Columbia Society for the Prevention of Cruelty to Animals (BC SPCA) executed a search warrant near Nanaimo Airport, seizing distressed goats, dogs, cats, and chickens following allegations of animal abuse by a concerned neighbour. A neighbour reported the neglect, detailing how the animals were left unfed, resulting in severe emaciation. The owner, claiming the goats were rescues, argued they had adequate supplies, though neighbours found animal remains on their properties, believed to be dragged there by scavengers from dead animals on the property. Animal protection officers visited the site, issued notices to the owner, and have removed a number of animals. The BC SPCA plans to recommend charges to crown counsel upon completion of the investigation.
Ontario Deer Hunter Fined $4500 For Trespassing
A Rosseau, Ontario, deer hunter has been fined $4,500 after pleading guilty to trespassing while hunting deer. The man was hunting near the Muskoka town in December of 2022 when he wounded a deer that entered private property. The following morning, he returned with a crossbow to further pursue the deer he had wounded. The court heard that if the man were questioned about the illegal hunt, he intended to claim that the deer came from a different location. The deer was seized as part of the investigation.
A Rosseau, Ontario, deer hunter has been fined $4,500 after pleading guilty to trespassing while hunting deer. The man was hunting near the Muskoka town in December of 2022 when he wounded a deer that entered private property. The following morning, he returned with a crossbow to further pursue the deer he had wounded. The court heard that if the man were questioned about the illegal hunt, he intended to claim that the deer came from a different location. The deer was seized as part of the investigation.
Neglected Horses Spark Concerns About SPCA's Response
Carly Marchand, operator of Freedom’s Gate Equine Rescue Society, criticized the British Columbia Society for the Prevention of Cruelty to Animals (BC SPCA) for not intervening in the case of two neglected horses she rescued. Marchand, informed by locals about the emaciated horses and one with a leg wound, insisted that several calls had been made to the BC SPCA, contrary to their claim of receiving only one report. She asserted that no action was taken, emphasizing the organization's responsibility to ensure immediate veterinary care for injured animals. An investigation is now underway and the rescued horses, named Devante and Finian, are receiving proper care with Marchand.
Carly Marchand, operator of Freedom’s Gate Equine Rescue Society, criticized the British Columbia Society for the Prevention of Cruelty to Animals (BC SPCA) for not intervening in the case of two neglected horses she rescued. Marchand, informed by locals about the emaciated horses and one with a leg wound, insisted that several calls had been made to the BC SPCA, contrary to their claim of receiving only one report. She asserted that no action was taken, emphasizing the organization's responsibility to ensure immediate veterinary care for injured animals. An investigation is now underway and the rescued horses, named Devante and Finian, are receiving proper care with Marchand.
Animal Abuse Investigation Involving Ontario Dog Breeder Transferred to Provincial Authorities
Kirkland Lake police have transferred an animal abuse investigation involving Meghan Gignac of Ontario Besser Shepherds to Ontario Provincial Animal Welfare Services (PAWS). The inquiry began after a video circulated on social media, showing Gignac hitting a German Shepherd and holding the dog up by the collar. Gignac, identified in the video, deleted her social media accounts after facing criticism. Authorities have urged the public to direct inquiries to PAWS as the investigation continues. Both Gignac and the company have yet to comment on the allegations.
Kirkland Lake police have transferred an animal abuse investigation involving Meghan Gignac of Ontario Besser Shepherds to Ontario Provincial Animal Welfare Services (PAWS). The inquiry began after a video circulated on social media, showing Gignac hitting a German Shepherd and holding the dog up by the collar. Gignac, identified in the video, deleted her social media accounts after facing criticism. Authorities have urged the public to direct inquiries to PAWS as the investigation continues. Both Gignac and the company have yet to comment on the allegations.
British Columbia Man Sentenced for Illegally Killing Black Bear and Cub
A provincial court judge in British Columbia sentenced a Tofino man, who illegally killed a black bear and her cub in his backyard two years ago, to thirty days in jail and $11,000 in fines. Ryan Owen Millar is banned from hunting and possessing firearms for ten years for one count of killing a black bear outside of hunting season, and one count of killing a black bear younger than two years old. Witnesses testified that they saw Millar use a longbow and a crossbow to kill two bears who were in a tree, and recorded video of him grabbing the cub by the scruff and putting them under a tarp. At trial, Millar provided conflicting accounts of the incident, and asked officers twice if he could keep the bear meat and the hide. The judge ultimately found that Millar's version of events was "fabricated," stating there was "absolutely no attempt to minimize the harm caused. Mr. Millar simply wanted to kill the two bears, and that is what he did."
A provincial court judge in British Columbia sentenced a Tofino man, who illegally killed a black bear and her cub in his backyard two years ago, to thirty days in jail and $11,000 in fines. Ryan Owen Millar is banned from hunting and possessing firearms for ten years for one count of killing a black bear outside of hunting season, and one count of killing a black bear younger than two years old. Witnesses testified that they saw Millar use a longbow and a crossbow to kill two bears who were in a tree, and recorded video of him grabbing the cub by the scruff and putting them under a tarp. At trial, Millar provided conflicting accounts of the incident, and asked officers twice if he could keep the bear meat and the hide. The judge ultimately found that Millar's version of events was "fabricated," stating there was "absolutely no attempt to minimize the harm caused. Mr. Millar simply wanted to kill the two bears, and that is what he did."
Dogs Seized from Breeder in North Okanagan Find Forever Homes
Many of the sixteen Yorkshire terriers and one Pomeranian, previously seized from a North Okanagan breeder in September, have found permanent homes. The British Columbia Society for the Prevention of Cruelty to Animals (BC SPCA) intervened after discovering the dogs living in appalling conditions, their nails overgrown and coats matted. The dogs were confined in urine-soaked crates and lacked adequate nourishment. “Their lives have changed so much in such a brief time,” said an official from the BC SPCA.
Many of the sixteen Yorkshire terriers and one Pomeranian, previously seized from a North Okanagan breeder in September, have found permanent homes. The British Columbia Society for the Prevention of Cruelty to Animals (BC SPCA) intervened after discovering the dogs living in appalling conditions, their nails overgrown and coats matted. The dogs were confined in urine-soaked crates and lacked adequate nourishment. “Their lives have changed so much in such a brief time,” said an official from the BC SPCA.
RCMP Investigates Animal Abuse Allegations in Alberta Town After Viral TikTok Video
The Royal Canadian Mounted Police (RCMP) are looking into accusations of animal abuse in Big Valley, Alberta, triggered by a widely-shared TikTok video. In Wyatt Chalifoux's thirty-nine-second clip, he and a woman rescue a caged, wet cat from an individual accused of trapping and drowning cats in the town. The video’s description alleges the man shown has been “going around town trapping and drowning people’s cats.” Chalifoux, who lost two cats to gun violence last year, joins other residents in reporting suspiciously missing and killed cats over the past several years. Stettler RCMP is actively investigating and considered potential charges.
The Royal Canadian Mounted Police (RCMP) are looking into accusations of animal abuse in Big Valley, Alberta, triggered by a widely-shared TikTok video. In Wyatt Chalifoux's thirty-nine-second clip, he and a woman rescue a caged, wet cat from an individual accused of trapping and drowning cats in the town. The video’s description alleges the man shown has been “going around town trapping and drowning people’s cats.” Chalifoux, who lost two cats to gun violence last year, joins other residents in reporting suspiciously missing and killed cats over the past several years. Stettler RCMP is actively investigating and considered potential charges.
Woman Charged After Dogs Attack Thirteen-Year-Old in Mississauga
A thirty-seven-year-old woman from Mississauga has been charged with criminal negligence causing bodily harm after her two unleashed dogs attacked a thirteen-year-old boy. Peel Regional Police responded to a call reporting the incident, and the injured boy was rushed to the trauma center. As per a police news release on November 13th, the boy is now in stable condition.
A thirty-seven-year-old woman from Mississauga has been charged with criminal negligence causing bodily harm after her two unleashed dogs attacked a thirteen-year-old boy. Peel Regional Police responded to a call reporting the incident, and the injured boy was rushed to the trauma center. As per a police news release on November 13th, the boy is now in stable condition.
Agency Updates
CFIA Launches Program to Safeguard Against African Swine Fever
The Canadian Food Inspection Agency (CFIA) has introduced the Canadian African Swine Fever (ASF) Compartment Program to protect Canadian pigs and the pork industry from African swine fever, a disease not yet reported in Canada. The program establishes distinct sub-populations of pigs with shared biosecurity measures, surveillance, and traceability standards, allowing for exports even in the event of an outbreak. Comprising national standards, a framework, and the Compartment Operator Program, the initiative is a proactive measure to prevent ASF introduction. Although it is unclear why exporting (and thereby possibly exporting the disease) would be advisable in the case of an outbreak, the CFIA maintains that “continued trade of pigs and pork products from a compartment free of ASF [is] theoretically possible even when a premises is located within an infected zone.”
The Canadian Food Inspection Agency (CFIA) has introduced the Canadian African Swine Fever (ASF) Compartment Program to protect Canadian pigs and the pork industry from African swine fever, a disease not yet reported in Canada. The program establishes distinct sub-populations of pigs with shared biosecurity measures, surveillance, and traceability standards, allowing for exports even in the event of an outbreak. Comprising national standards, a framework, and the Compartment Operator Program, the initiative is a proactive measure to prevent ASF introduction. Although it is unclear why exporting (and thereby possibly exporting the disease) would be advisable in the case of an outbreak, the CFIA maintains that “continued trade of pigs and pork products from a compartment free of ASF [is] theoretically possible even when a premises is located within an infected zone.”
British Columbia Animal Advocates Stage Protest in Response to Planned Deer Cull
Animal rights advocates and residents of Sidney Island, British Columbia, gathered to protest a plan to eradicate the island’s entire deer population, one or two hundred animals by shooting them from helicopters at a cost of almost $6 million. Parks Canada, the agency directing the plan, says that the island’s European fallow deer have decimated the local ecosystem and that past attempts at reducing the population have been ineffective. Animal activists, however, argue that the action is not needed as previous hunting operations have been successful in reducing the invasive species’ population. They also note that biodiversity has begun to resurge with deer populations at low but not non-existent levels. Authorities say that staff with the British Columbia Society for the Prevention of Cruelty to Animals will assist with animal wellness oversight, and that the eradication will take place during a ten-day window between November 25th and December 15th.
Animal rights advocates and residents of Sidney Island, British Columbia, gathered to protest a plan to eradicate the island’s entire deer population, one or two hundred animals by shooting them from helicopters at a cost of almost $6 million. Parks Canada, the agency directing the plan, says that the island’s European fallow deer have decimated the local ecosystem and that past attempts at reducing the population have been ineffective. Animal activists, however, argue that the action is not needed as previous hunting operations have been successful in reducing the invasive species’ population. They also note that biodiversity has begun to resurge with deer populations at low but not non-existent levels. Authorities say that staff with the British Columbia Society for the Prevention of Cruelty to Animals will assist with animal wellness oversight, and that the eradication will take place during a ten-day window between November 25th and December 15th.
Ontario Partners with Biigtigong Nishnaabeg First Nation to Revive Boreal Caribou Population in Lake Superior Region
The Ontario government has partnered with Biigtigong Nishnaabeg First Nation to invest nearly $1 million in reviving the boreal caribou population in the North. The multi-year initiative aims to establish a self-sustaining population of boreal caribou along the northeastern shores of Lake Superior. The project, funded through the Caribou Conservation Stewardship Program, involves collaboration with environmental experts, the federal government, First Nations, and private sector partners. This agreement aligns with Ontario’s efforts to implement the Conservation of Caribou, Boreal Population in Ontario agreement, focusing on habitat management, protection, and restoration activities for caribou conservation.
The Ontario government has partnered with Biigtigong Nishnaabeg First Nation to invest nearly $1 million in reviving the boreal caribou population in the North. The multi-year initiative aims to establish a self-sustaining population of boreal caribou along the northeastern shores of Lake Superior. The project, funded through the Caribou Conservation Stewardship Program, involves collaboration with environmental experts, the federal government, First Nations, and private sector partners. This agreement aligns with Ontario’s efforts to implement the Conservation of Caribou, Boreal Population in Ontario agreement, focusing on habitat management, protection, and restoration activities for caribou conservation.
Avian Flu Outbreak in British Columbia’s Fraser Valley Overwhelms Wildlife Center
An avian flu outbreak has struck seven egg farms in British Columbia's (BC) Fraser Valley, posing challenges for Elizabeth’s Wildlife Center in Abbotsford. The outbreak has strained the Center's efforts to uphold vital biosecurity measures while caring for sick and injured birds. According to the BC Centre for Disease Control, since last year, there has been an “unprecedented global spread of highly pathogenic avian influenza,” affecting not only birds but also mammals like foxes, skunks, and marine animals. Elizabeth’s Wildlife Center faces significant challenges, hindering their ability to provide care and maintain safety standards amidst the disease's spread.
An avian flu outbreak has struck seven egg farms in British Columbia's (BC) Fraser Valley, posing challenges for Elizabeth’s Wildlife Center in Abbotsford. The outbreak has strained the Center's efforts to uphold vital biosecurity measures while caring for sick and injured birds. According to the BC Centre for Disease Control, since last year, there has been an “unprecedented global spread of highly pathogenic avian influenza,” affecting not only birds but also mammals like foxes, skunks, and marine animals. Elizabeth’s Wildlife Center faces significant challenges, hindering their ability to provide care and maintain safety standards amidst the disease's spread.
Suspected Avian Influenza Outbreak in Chilliwack's Sardis Park Raises Concerns
In Chilliwack, British Columbia, animal control personnel and Fraser Valley Regional District workers are removing deceased geese and waterfowl from Sardis Park's pond, raising concerns about a potential avian influenza outbreak. Samples from the birds have been sent to government labs at the Ministry of Environment and Climate Change Canada and the Ministry of Agriculture and Agri-Food for virus testing. Similar incidents occurred in the park last November, heightening worries about public safety. Officials have advised residents to stay away from the park, keep pets leashed, and avoid contact with dead bird carcasses while awaiting confirmation and further instructions from authorities.
In Chilliwack, British Columbia, animal control personnel and Fraser Valley Regional District workers are removing deceased geese and waterfowl from Sardis Park's pond, raising concerns about a potential avian influenza outbreak. Samples from the birds have been sent to government labs at the Ministry of Environment and Climate Change Canada and the Ministry of Agriculture and Agri-Food for virus testing. Similar incidents occurred in the park last November, heightening worries about public safety. Officials have advised residents to stay away from the park, keep pets leashed, and avoid contact with dead bird carcasses while awaiting confirmation and further instructions from authorities.
Saskatchewan Expands Wildlife Monitoring Amid Bovine Tuberculosis Concerns
Saskatchewan has expanded its annual wildlife monitoring program for chronic wasting disease (CWD) to include bovine tuberculosis after recent cases were confirmed in a cattle herd in the east-central region. Bovine tuberculosis, caused by a bacterium similar to human tuberculosis, can affect cattle and spread to humans and other animals. The province, which has been monitoring CWD since 1997, urges hunters to submit heads from harvested deer, moose, and elk for testing until January 21st, 2024. The Canadian Food Inspection Agency is conducting ongoing investigations and tracing efforts to contain the outbreak, which has so far been limited to one herd.
Saskatchewan has expanded its annual wildlife monitoring program for chronic wasting disease (CWD) to include bovine tuberculosis after recent cases were confirmed in a cattle herd in the east-central region. Bovine tuberculosis, caused by a bacterium similar to human tuberculosis, can affect cattle and spread to humans and other animals. The province, which has been monitoring CWD since 1997, urges hunters to submit heads from harvested deer, moose, and elk for testing until January 21st, 2024. The Canadian Food Inspection Agency is conducting ongoing investigations and tracing efforts to contain the outbreak, which has so far been limited to one herd.
Extensively Drug-Resistant Salmonella Outbreak Linked to Raw Pet Food and Cattle Contact
The Public Health Agency of Canada (PHAC) has linked an ongoing outbreak of drug-resistant salmonella to raw pet food and contact with cattle. Forty confirmed cases, including thirteen hospitalizations, have been reported across six provinces from July 2020 to September 2023. Children under five account for forty-three percent of cases. While no human deaths are reported, some infected dogs and cattle have died. Investigations have not identified a common pet food supplier, but exposure to raw pet food and contact with cattle, especially calves, are cited as likely sources. The PHAC advises against feeding pets raw food due to the risk of bacterial transmission and underscores hygiene precautions.
The Public Health Agency of Canada (PHAC) has linked an ongoing outbreak of drug-resistant salmonella to raw pet food and contact with cattle. Forty confirmed cases, including thirteen hospitalizations, have been reported across six provinces from July 2020 to September 2023. Children under five account for forty-three percent of cases. While no human deaths are reported, some infected dogs and cattle have died. Investigations have not identified a common pet food supplier, but exposure to raw pet food and contact with cattle, especially calves, are cited as likely sources. The PHAC advises against feeding pets raw food due to the risk of bacterial transmission and underscores hygiene precautions.
Veterinarians Raising Concern Over Equine Herpes Outbreak in Nova Scotia
Stables in Nova Scotia are taking precautions after several cases of Equine Herpes Myeloencephalopathy (EHM) have been detected in the province. Although the virus is typically dormant in North American horses, it can lead to severe neurological issues. EHM transmission between horses is linked to human contact but poses no threat to humans. The Canadian Food Inspection Agency notes potential symptoms like neurological problems, respiratory disease, neonatal death, and spontaneous abortion. Currently, there is no highly effective vaccine against the virus. According to veterinarians in the province, there are four presumptive known cases in the province, with tests displaying serious signs of neurological failure. The absence of an official reporting mechanism in Nova Scotia heightens concerns, with owners striving to prevent potential widespread infection. The outbreak is expected to resolve in approximately two weeks.
Stables in Nova Scotia are taking precautions after several cases of Equine Herpes Myeloencephalopathy (EHM) have been detected in the province. Although the virus is typically dormant in North American horses, it can lead to severe neurological issues. EHM transmission between horses is linked to human contact but poses no threat to humans. The Canadian Food Inspection Agency notes potential symptoms like neurological problems, respiratory disease, neonatal death, and spontaneous abortion. Currently, there is no highly effective vaccine against the virus. According to veterinarians in the province, there are four presumptive known cases in the province, with tests displaying serious signs of neurological failure. The absence of an official reporting mechanism in Nova Scotia heightens concerns, with owners striving to prevent potential widespread infection. The outbreak is expected to resolve in approximately two weeks.
Calls for Urgent Action as Bear Dens Face Destruction in British Columbia
Advocates and First Nations are calling for legislative amendments to protect bear dens across British Columbia, to create an ethical code of conduct, and to enforce a pause on Site C Dam flooding to prevent harm to hibernating bears. The flood zone, set for rapid submersion at two point five meters per day, holds twenty-four known active bear dens, with potentially more unknown to the government. According to copies of Fish and Wildlife applications retrieved by Wilderness Committee and Awi'nakola Foundation, BC Timber Sales is tranquilizing and relocating hibernating bears to artificial dens, while destroying additional sites to bar winter den access. Wilderness Committee and Awi'nakola Foundation are calling on the provincial government to prioritize animal welfare, imploring a pause in Site C flooding to prevent bears from drowning during their winter hibernation.
Advocates and First Nations are calling for legislative amendments to protect bear dens across British Columbia, to create an ethical code of conduct, and to enforce a pause on Site C Dam flooding to prevent harm to hibernating bears. The flood zone, set for rapid submersion at two point five meters per day, holds twenty-four known active bear dens, with potentially more unknown to the government. According to copies of Fish and Wildlife applications retrieved by Wilderness Committee and Awi'nakola Foundation, BC Timber Sales is tranquilizing and relocating hibernating bears to artificial dens, while destroying additional sites to bar winter den access. Wilderness Committee and Awi'nakola Foundation are calling on the provincial government to prioritize animal welfare, imploring a pause in Site C flooding to prevent bears from drowning during their winter hibernation.
Academic Updates
Controversial Study Claims Some Captive Marine Mammals Outlive Wild Counterparts
New research suggests that certain captive marine mammals, such as harbour seals, California sea lions, bottlenose dolphins, and polar bears, live significantly longer lives than their counterparts in the wild. The research attributes this disparity to improved animal husbandry, better nutrition, and available veterinary care. The study, which relies on self-reported data from zoos, overlooks serious animal welfare concerns linked to confining wild animals and highlights the need for ongoing discussions about the ethics of keeping marine mammals in captivity even if lifespans in captivity are longer for some species in some zoos.
New research suggests that certain captive marine mammals, such as harbour seals, California sea lions, bottlenose dolphins, and polar bears, live significantly longer lives than their counterparts in the wild. The research attributes this disparity to improved animal husbandry, better nutrition, and available veterinary care. The study, which relies on self-reported data from zoos, overlooks serious animal welfare concerns linked to confining wild animals and highlights the need for ongoing discussions about the ethics of keeping marine mammals in captivity even if lifespans in captivity are longer for some species in some zoos.
Cigarette-Style Warning Labels on Food Could Reduce Meat Consumption, Study Says
A new study published in the journal Appetite suggests that graphic warning labels on food, similar to those used on tobacco products, could lead to a seven to ten percent decrease in meat selection. The study involved showing 1,001 meat-eating adults images of meals with health, climate, pandemic warnings, or no labels. Pandemic warnings were the most effective, reducing meat choices by ten percent, followed by health warnings at eight point eight percent, and climate warnings at seven point four percent. The researchers believe their findings could help encourage changes in consumer food choices that could ultimately benefit the environment.
A new study published in the journal Appetite suggests that graphic warning labels on food, similar to those used on tobacco products, could lead to a seven to ten percent decrease in meat selection. The study involved showing 1,001 meat-eating adults images of meals with health, climate, pandemic warnings, or no labels. Pandemic warnings were the most effective, reducing meat choices by ten percent, followed by health warnings at eight point eight percent, and climate warnings at seven point four percent. The researchers believe their findings could help encourage changes in consumer food choices that could ultimately benefit the environment.
Research Explores Wildlife Behaviour in Wildfire-Burned Lands
Geneviève Degré-Timmons, a PhD candidate at the University of Laval, is studying wildlife behaviour in burned areas in the aftermath of wildfires in the Northwest Territories. Her research reveals a surge in protein-rich vascular plants for a decade after fires, attracting both caribou and moose during the summer and birthing and calving season. However, the rest of the year caribou mainly depend on mature forests, which is becoming more difficult for them to find in post-fire habitats. Degré-Timmons created a painting visualizing her findings, aiming to bridge scientific knowledge with community understanding.
Geneviève Degré-Timmons, a PhD candidate at the University of Laval, is studying wildlife behaviour in burned areas in the aftermath of wildfires in the Northwest Territories. Her research reveals a surge in protein-rich vascular plants for a decade after fires, attracting both caribou and moose during the summer and birthing and calving season. However, the rest of the year caribou mainly depend on mature forests, which is becoming more difficult for them to find in post-fire habitats. Degré-Timmons created a painting visualizing her findings, aiming to bridge scientific knowledge with community understanding.
Climate Report Exposes Leading Canadian Meat Producer as Top Emitter
A recent report by the Coller FAIRR Protein Producer Index revealed that greenhouse gas emissions from the animal agriculture industry rose by an average of over three percent in 2023. Notably, Saputo, a prominent Canadian meat producer, stands out as one of the major contributors, registering a one point thirty-seven percent increase in emissions, totaling almost fifteen million tonnes of carbon dioxide. Only seven out of twenty companies managed to reduce climate emissions despite recommendations from the UN’s Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change. The study underscores the urgent need for industry-wide changes and policy action in the food and agriculture sector to address its substantial contribution to greenhouse gas emissions.
A recent report by the Coller FAIRR Protein Producer Index revealed that greenhouse gas emissions from the animal agriculture industry rose by an average of over three percent in 2023. Notably, Saputo, a prominent Canadian meat producer, stands out as one of the major contributors, registering a one point thirty-seven percent increase in emissions, totaling almost fifteen million tonnes of carbon dioxide. Only seven out of twenty companies managed to reduce climate emissions despite recommendations from the UN’s Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change. The study underscores the urgent need for industry-wide changes and policy action in the food and agriculture sector to address its substantial contribution to greenhouse gas emissions.
Article Explores Benefits and Challenges of Animal Law Education in UK Universities
Rachel Dunn et al, “Teaching Animal Law in UK universities: the benefits, challenges and opportunities for growth” (2023) 57:1 The Law Teacher 15.
Abstract: Animal Law is an emerging field of law both in university teaching and in legal practice. However, it is still relatively unknown in UK universities with only a small percentage offering a course in the subject. Given the growing interest in environmental protection and animal welfare, it is hoped that more universities will develop modules in Animal Law. This article aims to assist in this by answering the why, how and what of Animal Law teaching in UK universities: Why teach Animal Law? How can it be taught within law programmes and what is currently happening? Animal Law is ideal for exploring the interconnectedness of law and ethics and engages students in applying philosophical theories to some of the real-life dilemmas they face. It is also an excellent subject for developing key transferable skills for law students such as critical analysis, research and mooting. The results from a small survey are presented, outlining how Animal Law is currently taught in UK universities and discussing the potential risks Animal Law modules may face due to the imminent changes in legal education. From this analysis, conclusions are drawn on the future of Animal Law teaching in the UK.
Rachel Dunn et al, “Teaching Animal Law in UK universities: the benefits, challenges and opportunities for growth” (2023) 57:1 The Law Teacher 15.
Abstract: Animal Law is an emerging field of law both in university teaching and in legal practice. However, it is still relatively unknown in UK universities with only a small percentage offering a course in the subject. Given the growing interest in environmental protection and animal welfare, it is hoped that more universities will develop modules in Animal Law. This article aims to assist in this by answering the why, how and what of Animal Law teaching in UK universities: Why teach Animal Law? How can it be taught within law programmes and what is currently happening? Animal Law is ideal for exploring the interconnectedness of law and ethics and engages students in applying philosophical theories to some of the real-life dilemmas they face. It is also an excellent subject for developing key transferable skills for law students such as critical analysis, research and mooting. The results from a small survey are presented, outlining how Animal Law is currently taught in UK universities and discussing the potential risks Animal Law modules may face due to the imminent changes in legal education. From this analysis, conclusions are drawn on the future of Animal Law teaching in the UK.
International Updates
United States Animal Rights Activist Found Guilty in Open Rescue Case
Wayne Hsiung, lawyer and co-founder of Direct Action Everywhere (DxE), an animal rights group, was found guilty of felony conspiracy to commit trespass and two misdemeanor trespass charges. The charges stemmed from an open rescue organized by DxE, in which seventy chickens and ducks were taken from farms in Petaluma, California. Hsiung represented himself in court but faced restrictions, including a gag order and limitations on the presentation of certain evidence, such as video footage capturing the conditions where the animals were housed. He plans to appeal the verdict, aiming to establish a stronger legal foundation for future open rescue cases. Hsiung's sentencing is scheduled for November 30th.
Wayne Hsiung, lawyer and co-founder of Direct Action Everywhere (DxE), an animal rights group, was found guilty of felony conspiracy to commit trespass and two misdemeanor trespass charges. The charges stemmed from an open rescue organized by DxE, in which seventy chickens and ducks were taken from farms in Petaluma, California. Hsiung represented himself in court but faced restrictions, including a gag order and limitations on the presentation of certain evidence, such as video footage capturing the conditions where the animals were housed. He plans to appeal the verdict, aiming to establish a stronger legal foundation for future open rescue cases. Hsiung's sentencing is scheduled for November 30th.
Controversy Surrounds Rescue of Sheep in Scotland
A dispute has arisen over the rescue of a sheep stranded on a rocky Scottish shoreline for two years. Local farmers successfully saved her using a winch and makeshift sling. Animal Rising, an animal rights group, claims their planned rescue was taken over by the farmers, and they are petitioning against her relocation to a petting zoo. She will be transferred to a specialist home for recovery, with the groups divided over her future.
A dispute has arisen over the rescue of a sheep stranded on a rocky Scottish shoreline for two years. Local farmers successfully saved her using a winch and makeshift sling. Animal Rising, an animal rights group, claims their planned rescue was taken over by the farmers, and they are petitioning against her relocation to a petting zoo. She will be transferred to a specialist home for recovery, with the groups divided over her future.
Survey Reveals Overwhelming Public Support for Fee to Ban Trophy Hunting in South Africa
A joint United Kingdom and South African research team conducted a survey on public sentiment toward trophy hunting in South Africa, involving 1000 participants from countries frequently visiting the region. The results revealed widespread global opposition to hunting lions for sport and a willingness to finance wildlife protection through a “lion protection fee.” Eighty-four point two percent of those surveyed supported this fee, with overwhelming backing from the United Kingdom, United States, and European countries. According to the researchers, proposed daily fees of three dollars for regional tourists and seven dollars for overseas visitors, could generate funds at least equalling but potentially surpassing those from trophy hunting.
A joint United Kingdom and South African research team conducted a survey on public sentiment toward trophy hunting in South Africa, involving 1000 participants from countries frequently visiting the region. The results revealed widespread global opposition to hunting lions for sport and a willingness to finance wildlife protection through a “lion protection fee.” Eighty-four point two percent of those surveyed supported this fee, with overwhelming backing from the United Kingdom, United States, and European countries. According to the researchers, proposed daily fees of three dollars for regional tourists and seven dollars for overseas visitors, could generate funds at least equalling but potentially surpassing those from trophy hunting.
Tiger King Star “Doc” Antle Pleads Guilty to Animal Trafficking and Money Laundering
Bhagavan Antle, famously known as “Doc Antle” from the Netflix series “Tiger King,” pleaded guilty to animal trafficking and money laundering. The exotic wildlife preserve owner was involved in selling and purchasing protected species, including cheetah and lion cubs, tigers, and a juvenile chimpanzee. Antle attempted to conceal animal payments as “donations” to his nonprofit organization. He faces imprisonment, fines, and supervised release for each count. Recently, Antle was also found guilty of unlawfully obtaining endangered lion cubs, resulting in two felony convictions, a $10,000 fine, and a five-year ban from dealing in exotic animals in Virginia.
Bhagavan Antle, famously known as “Doc Antle” from the Netflix series “Tiger King,” pleaded guilty to animal trafficking and money laundering. The exotic wildlife preserve owner was involved in selling and purchasing protected species, including cheetah and lion cubs, tigers, and a juvenile chimpanzee. Antle attempted to conceal animal payments as “donations” to his nonprofit organization. He faces imprisonment, fines, and supervised release for each count. Recently, Antle was also found guilty of unlawfully obtaining endangered lion cubs, resulting in two felony convictions, a $10,000 fine, and a five-year ban from dealing in exotic animals in Virginia.
United Kingdom Introduces Bill to Ban Live Exports of Animals
The United Kingdom has introduced the Animal Welfare (Livestock Exports) Bill, aiming to prohibit the export of cattle, sheep, goats, pigs, and horses for slaughter from England. While exemptions exist for racehorses, the move reflects a long-standing demand to end the stress and suffering experienced by animals during arduous overseas journeys. The legislation is made possible by Brexit, allowing the UK to diverge from the European Union's rules on live animal exports, and aligns with broader animal welfare reforms. The Bill also includes promises of money for farmers to improve animal welfare conditions and a four million pound fund for smaller abattoirs.
The United Kingdom has introduced the Animal Welfare (Livestock Exports) Bill, aiming to prohibit the export of cattle, sheep, goats, pigs, and horses for slaughter from England. While exemptions exist for racehorses, the move reflects a long-standing demand to end the stress and suffering experienced by animals during arduous overseas journeys. The legislation is made possible by Brexit, allowing the UK to diverge from the European Union's rules on live animal exports, and aligns with broader animal welfare reforms. The Bill also includes promises of money for farmers to improve animal welfare conditions and a four million pound fund for smaller abattoirs.
Swedish Authorities Order Mass Culling of Chickens Amid Salmonella Outbreak
In response to an ongoing salmonella outbreak, Sweden's leading egg producer, CA Cedergren, has been directed by the Swedish Board of Agriculture to euthanize more than one million chickens, representing twenty percent of the nation's laying hens. Despite attempts to sanitize infected hen houses, the measures have proven ineffective at curbing the spread of the disease.
In response to an ongoing salmonella outbreak, Sweden's leading egg producer, CA Cedergren, has been directed by the Swedish Board of Agriculture to euthanize more than one million chickens, representing twenty percent of the nation's laying hens. Despite attempts to sanitize infected hen houses, the measures have proven ineffective at curbing the spread of the disease.
Over Eighty Million Chickens in the United Kingdom Died Prematurely in 2022
Official figures reveal that more than eighty million chickens in the United Kingdom died before reaching slaughter weight in 2022, marking the highest mortality rates in at least a decade. According to animal welfare organizations, this can be attributed to fast-growing chicken breeds dominating production, causing higher rates of mortality, lameness, and muscle disease compared to slower-growing breeds. Recently, The Humane League UK initiated a legal challenge against the fast-growing (broiler) chicken industry, and though initially rejected, they have been granted leave to appeal. The British Poultry Council contends that adopting slower-growing breeds would demand more resources and space, raising environmental concerns. They argue that consumer demand remains insufficient for widespread adoption of these breeds. However, Connor Jackson, the head of the animal welfare campaign group Open Cages, asserts that transitioning to slower-growing breeds could significantly diminish mortality rates and improve animal welfare in the poultry sector.
Official figures reveal that more than eighty million chickens in the United Kingdom died before reaching slaughter weight in 2022, marking the highest mortality rates in at least a decade. According to animal welfare organizations, this can be attributed to fast-growing chicken breeds dominating production, causing higher rates of mortality, lameness, and muscle disease compared to slower-growing breeds. Recently, The Humane League UK initiated a legal challenge against the fast-growing (broiler) chicken industry, and though initially rejected, they have been granted leave to appeal. The British Poultry Council contends that adopting slower-growing breeds would demand more resources and space, raising environmental concerns. They argue that consumer demand remains insufficient for widespread adoption of these breeds. However, Connor Jackson, the head of the animal welfare campaign group Open Cages, asserts that transitioning to slower-growing breeds could significantly diminish mortality rates and improve animal welfare in the poultry sector.
Other Updates
Calgary Begins Demolition of Controversial Poultry Plant
The City of Calgary started demolishing the long-disputed Lilydale poultry plant located on Hurst Road in the Ramsay community. The plant, a source of complaints from residents due to odour, noise, and traffic, will be cleared to make way for the Green Line Light-Rail Transit project.
The City of Calgary started demolishing the long-disputed Lilydale poultry plant located on Hurst Road in the Ramsay community. The plant, a source of complaints from residents due to odour, noise, and traffic, will be cleared to make way for the Green Line Light-Rail Transit project.
Nova Scotia Woman Advocates Animal Cruelty Prevention in Miss Mission Canada Pageant
Twenty-one-year-old Rolanda Nason from New Waterford, Nova Scotia is advocating for animal cruelty prevention in the Miss Mission Canada 2023-2024 pageant. Having previously participated in the Miss Teen Canada 2022 pageant, Nason found an opportunity to raise awareness about animal cruelty, a cause close to her heart. Encouraged by her past experience, she joined the Miss Mission Canada pageant, aiming to combat animal cruelty through education and volunteerism. The international pageant, featuring contestants from Canada, Cuba, Dominican Republic, Mexico, and Puerto Rico, involves online voting for national titles, with winners advancing to the in-person event in Columbia in 2024.
Twenty-one-year-old Rolanda Nason from New Waterford, Nova Scotia is advocating for animal cruelty prevention in the Miss Mission Canada 2023-2024 pageant. Having previously participated in the Miss Teen Canada 2022 pageant, Nason found an opportunity to raise awareness about animal cruelty, a cause close to her heart. Encouraged by her past experience, she joined the Miss Mission Canada pageant, aiming to combat animal cruelty through education and volunteerism. The international pageant, featuring contestants from Canada, Cuba, Dominican Republic, Mexico, and Puerto Rico, involves online voting for national titles, with winners advancing to the in-person event in Columbia in 2024.
Toronto Metropolitan University Startup to Debut World’s First Plant-Based Salmon
New School Foods, led by entrepreneur Chris Bryson, is set to introduce the world's first plant-based salmon filet in 2024. Incubated at Toronto Metropolitan University's Science Discovery Zone, Bryson's team utilized patented muscle fiber technology, crafted by food science professor Dérick Rousseau. The groundbreaking method replicates the authentic flaking experience of real salmon. Backed by TMU's startup incubation program, Bryson aims to revolutionize food consumption, targeting a 2024 restaurant launch and eventual cost competitiveness with traditional salmon.
New School Foods, led by entrepreneur Chris Bryson, is set to introduce the world's first plant-based salmon filet in 2024. Incubated at Toronto Metropolitan University's Science Discovery Zone, Bryson's team utilized patented muscle fiber technology, crafted by food science professor Dérick Rousseau. The groundbreaking method replicates the authentic flaking experience of real salmon. Backed by TMU's startup incubation program, Bryson aims to revolutionize food consumption, targeting a 2024 restaurant launch and eventual cost competitiveness with traditional salmon.