Bill 46, the Less Red Tape, Stronger Ontario Act, 2023, has received Royal Assent, and includes amendments to the Animal Health Act, 2009 (AHA). The amendments enable the Minister of Agriculture, Food and Rural Affairs to issue a temporary response order in situations where delay in implementing the measures authorized or required by the order may substantially increase the risk to animal or human health. The Bill also amends section 18 of the AHA to achieve greater consistency in setting out an inspector’s authority to conduct an inspection to check for compliance with an existing order, including an animal health control area order, a temporary response order, and a surveillance zone order.
This Week's Spotlights
Legislative Spotlights
Ontario Passes Amendments to Animal Health Act
Alberta Bill Would Increase Penalties for Animal Neglect
Alberta MLA Jordan Walker has introduced Bill 209, the Animal Protection (Prevention of Animal Neglect) Amendment Act, 2023, which aims to increase penalties for causing or permitting an animal to be in distress due to abuse or neglect. The proposed amendments include a fine of up to $25,000 for a first offense, a fine of up to $35,000 or imprisonment of up to six months for a second offense, and a fine of up to $50,000 or imprisonment of up to six months for a third or subsequent offense.
Alberta MLA Jordan Walker has introduced Bill 209, the Animal Protection (Prevention of Animal Neglect) Amendment Act, 2023, which aims to increase penalties for causing or permitting an animal to be in distress due to abuse or neglect. The proposed amendments include a fine of up to $25,000 for a first offense, a fine of up to $35,000 or imprisonment of up to six months for a second offense, and a fine of up to $50,000 or imprisonment of up to six months for a third or subsequent offense.
New City of Toronto Bylaw Prohibits Feeding of Wild Animals
On April 1st, new regulations under Chapter 349 of the City of Toronto’s Animals Bylaw came into effect. The regulations make it illegal to feed wildlife or leave food out to attract animals on both public and private properties in Toronto. The city is taking an educational approach to encourage compliance with the new bylaw, but those who continue to violate it could face a fine. These regulations are part of the city’s efforts to protect people and wildlife due to a rise in negative interactions involving humans and wildlife. Feeding wild animals changes their natural instincts and may increase their presence and tolerance of people, creating problems for both wildlife and Toronto communities.
On April 1st, new regulations under Chapter 349 of the City of Toronto’s Animals Bylaw came into effect. The regulations make it illegal to feed wildlife or leave food out to attract animals on both public and private properties in Toronto. The city is taking an educational approach to encourage compliance with the new bylaw, but those who continue to violate it could face a fine. These regulations are part of the city’s efforts to protect people and wildlife due to a rise in negative interactions involving humans and wildlife. Feeding wild animals changes their natural instincts and may increase their presence and tolerance of people, creating problems for both wildlife and Toronto communities.
British Columbia Government Proposes Changes to Simplify Pet Custody Disputes
The government of British Columbia has introduced Bill 17, the Family Law Amendment Act, 2023, which proposes amendments to the Family Law Act that are intended to provide guidance for people and judges involved in animal custody disputes. If passed, the amendments would require the consideration of factors such as each person's ability and willingness to care for the pet, the relationship between the child and the animal, and the risk of family violence or threat of cruelty. V. Victoria Shroff, animal law specialist at Shroff and Associates, said: “These amendments reflect how pets are valued as unique family members by society rather than as inanimate property like furniture […] Having relevant factors to consider for these difficult decisions will bring more clarity and is a welcome change.” These amendments are the first of their kind in Canada.
The government of British Columbia has introduced Bill 17, the Family Law Amendment Act, 2023, which proposes amendments to the Family Law Act that are intended to provide guidance for people and judges involved in animal custody disputes. If passed, the amendments would require the consideration of factors such as each person's ability and willingness to care for the pet, the relationship between the child and the animal, and the risk of family violence or threat of cruelty. V. Victoria Shroff, animal law specialist at Shroff and Associates, said: “These amendments reflect how pets are valued as unique family members by society rather than as inanimate property like furniture […] Having relevant factors to consider for these difficult decisions will bring more clarity and is a welcome change.” These amendments are the first of their kind in Canada.
Ontario Seeks Public Feedback on Proposal to Prescribe Invasive Species Act Instruments Under the Environmental Bill of Rights
The Ontario Ministry of Natural Resources and Forestry (MNRF) is seeking public feedback on a proposal to prescribe Prevention and Response Plans (PRPs) under the Invasive Species Act, 2015. The proposed change would require all future PRPs be posted on the Environmental Registry of Ontario for a minimum thirty-day public review and comment period. A PRP would describe measures, practices or recommended courses of action to deal with an invasive species, including preventative measures, practices to promote early detection, and measures for that species’ control or eradication. The public comment period ends on May 15th, 2023.
The Ontario Ministry of Natural Resources and Forestry (MNRF) is seeking public feedback on a proposal to prescribe Prevention and Response Plans (PRPs) under the Invasive Species Act, 2015. The proposed change would require all future PRPs be posted on the Environmental Registry of Ontario for a minimum thirty-day public review and comment period. A PRP would describe measures, practices or recommended courses of action to deal with an invasive species, including preventative measures, practices to promote early detection, and measures for that species’ control or eradication. The public comment period ends on May 15th, 2023.
Ontario Invites Public Comment on Proposal to Allow for Issuance of Licences for New Dog Train and Trial Areas
The Ontario Ministry of Natural Resources and Forestry is inviting public feedback on a proposal to amend the Fish and Wildlife Conservation Act, 1997 and regulations to allow for the issuance of licenses for new dog train and trial areas, and to allow for the transfer of existing licences. Train and trial areas are enclosed areas where wildlife is kept captive for the purpose of teaching dogs hunting skills and conducting hunting dog competitions. New train and trial areas were last approved to be established in 1997 and were intended to be phased-out over time. The public can provide input on the proposal until May 18th, 2023.
The Ontario Ministry of Natural Resources and Forestry is inviting public feedback on a proposal to amend the Fish and Wildlife Conservation Act, 1997 and regulations to allow for the issuance of licenses for new dog train and trial areas, and to allow for the transfer of existing licences. Train and trial areas are enclosed areas where wildlife is kept captive for the purpose of teaching dogs hunting skills and conducting hunting dog competitions. New train and trial areas were last approved to be established in 1997 and were intended to be phased-out over time. The public can provide input on the proposal until May 18th, 2023.
Litigation Spotlights
Truck Driver Who Killed Animal Rights Activist Regan Russell Sentenced to Pay $2,000
Truck driver Andrew Blake has pleaded guilty to careless driving causing the death of animal rights activist Regan Russell outside Fearmans Pork slaughterhouse located in Burlington, Ontario in June 2020. Blake pleaded guilty to the single charge under the provincial Highway Traffic Act and was ordered to pay the minimum possible fine of $2,000 while a charge of careless driving causing death could have attracted a maximum $50,000 fine plus two years in jail. Russell, a member of the Animal Save Movement, was killed while protesting the province’s ag-gag law, the Security from Trespass and Protecting Food Safety Act, 2020. Camille Labchuk, a lawyer and executive director of Animal Justice, stated: “the leniency shown by police and prosecutors in this case is troubling but not surprising. Industries that farm, transport, and slaughter animals are seldom held to account for causing unlawful animal suffering—despite clear evidence regularly provided to authorities.”
Truck driver Andrew Blake has pleaded guilty to careless driving causing the death of animal rights activist Regan Russell outside Fearmans Pork slaughterhouse located in Burlington, Ontario in June 2020. Blake pleaded guilty to the single charge under the provincial Highway Traffic Act and was ordered to pay the minimum possible fine of $2,000 while a charge of careless driving causing death could have attracted a maximum $50,000 fine plus two years in jail. Russell, a member of the Animal Save Movement, was killed while protesting the province’s ag-gag law, the Security from Trespass and Protecting Food Safety Act, 2020. Camille Labchuk, a lawyer and executive director of Animal Justice, stated: “the leniency shown by police and prosecutors in this case is troubling but not surprising. Industries that farm, transport, and slaughter animals are seldom held to account for causing unlawful animal suffering—despite clear evidence regularly provided to authorities.”
Enforcement Spotlights
Canada's First Electronic Storage Detection Canine is on the Job
Police for Mississauga, Brampton and the town of Caledon in Ontario announced use of the first dog in Canada trained to seek out digital storage devices that may be related to the exploitation of children. Harley is a two-year old Labrador, who recently graduated from an Electronic Storage Detection canine course in Indianapolis. She has already accompanied and will continue to accompany the Peel Region Child Exploitation Unit on search warrants to locate devices which human officers might miss, e.g. if they are small or hidden. She will play a secondary role as an emotional support dog for officers and victims, e.g. during interviews.
Police for Mississauga, Brampton and the town of Caledon in Ontario announced use of the first dog in Canada trained to seek out digital storage devices that may be related to the exploitation of children. Harley is a two-year old Labrador, who recently graduated from an Electronic Storage Detection canine course in Indianapolis. She has already accompanied and will continue to accompany the Peel Region Child Exploitation Unit on search warrants to locate devices which human officers might miss, e.g. if they are small or hidden. She will play a secondary role as an emotional support dog for officers and victims, e.g. during interviews.
Agency Spotlights
Federal Budget Commits to Outlawing Cosmetic Testing on Animals
The Canadian government has confirmed its commitment to banning cosmetics animal testing and trade in its 2023 federal budget. The proposed amendments to the Food and Drugs Act are expected to be included in the pending budget implementation bill, positioning Canada as a global leader in promoting alternatives to animal testing. Animal protection groups and industry stakeholders have welcomed the news, calling on the Canadian government to introduce the legislation at the earliest opportunity.
The Canadian government has confirmed its commitment to banning cosmetics animal testing and trade in its 2023 federal budget. The proposed amendments to the Food and Drugs Act are expected to be included in the pending budget implementation bill, positioning Canada as a global leader in promoting alternatives to animal testing. Animal protection groups and industry stakeholders have welcomed the news, calling on the Canadian government to introduce the legislation at the earliest opportunity.
Freedom of Information Request Reveals Turkeys Brutally Killed in Avian Flu Outbreak at Quebec Farm
Government emails obtained by Animal Justice through a freedom of information request reveal that thousands of turkeys were brutally killed at a Quebec farm during an avian influenza outbreak. According to the emails, the Canadian Food Inspection Agency originally planned to suffocate the birds with carbon dioxide gas but had to use captive bolt guns and a castration tool to kill the birds one-by-one when the gas was unavailable. There was no mention of measures taken to ensure the animals were dead or unconscious, which could have left improperly stunned or killed birds to suffer for extended periods.
Government emails obtained by Animal Justice through a freedom of information request reveal that thousands of turkeys were brutally killed at a Quebec farm during an avian influenza outbreak. According to the emails, the Canadian Food Inspection Agency originally planned to suffocate the birds with carbon dioxide gas but had to use captive bolt guns and a castration tool to kill the birds one-by-one when the gas was unavailable. There was no mention of measures taken to ensure the animals were dead or unconscious, which could have left improperly stunned or killed birds to suffer for extended periods.
International Spotlights
Miami Seaquarium Announces Plans to Return Orca to Home Waters
A plan to return a southern resident orca named Lolita to her home waters off the coast of Washington State has been announced. The owners of Miami Seaquarium, where Lolita currently resides, shared the creation of a “formal and binding agreement” with Florida non-profit Friends of Lolita to return her to Puget Sound. The goal is to accomplish this relocation within eighteen months to two years. Last year, the company then taking over the Miami Seaquarium, MS Leisure, determined that Lolita would no longer be put on display due to her deteriorating health. She was captured in the waters of Washington state in 1970. At the age of fifty-seven, she is considered to be the oldest orca whale still held in captivity.
A plan to return a southern resident orca named Lolita to her home waters off the coast of Washington State has been announced. The owners of Miami Seaquarium, where Lolita currently resides, shared the creation of a “formal and binding agreement” with Florida non-profit Friends of Lolita to return her to Puget Sound. The goal is to accomplish this relocation within eighteen months to two years. Last year, the company then taking over the Miami Seaquarium, MS Leisure, determined that Lolita would no longer be put on display due to her deteriorating health. She was captured in the waters of Washington state in 1970. At the age of fifty-seven, she is considered to be the oldest orca whale still held in captivity.
Other Spotlights
Leaked Draft of Latest IPCC Report Reveals Meat Industry Blocked Attempt to Recommend a Plant-Based Diet
A leaked draft of the latest report from the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change (IPCC) has revealed how countries with influential beef industries such as Brazil and Argentina have pushed for the removal of a recommendation for a shift to plant-based diets. The original draft stated that "plant-based diets can reduce GHG emissions by up to 50% compared to the average emission-intensive Western diet," but the published report's wording was changed to "balanced, sustainable healthy diets acknowledging nutritional needs." The report did not directly mention beef and dairy or wealthy countries that should urgently reduce meat consumption.
A leaked draft of the latest report from the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change (IPCC) has revealed how countries with influential beef industries such as Brazil and Argentina have pushed for the removal of a recommendation for a shift to plant-based diets. The original draft stated that "plant-based diets can reduce GHG emissions by up to 50% compared to the average emission-intensive Western diet," but the published report's wording was changed to "balanced, sustainable healthy diets acknowledging nutritional needs." The report did not directly mention beef and dairy or wealthy countries that should urgently reduce meat consumption.
The Bay Goes Fur-Free
The Hudson’s Bay Company (the Bay), the oldest retailer in Canada and once the largest fur trader in North America, has stopped selling products made with real fur. The Bay is among several retailers and designers that have gone fur-free in recent years, including Saks Fifth Avenue, Canada Goose, Nordstrom, Versace, Michael Kors, and Gucci.
The Hudson’s Bay Company (the Bay), the oldest retailer in Canada and once the largest fur trader in North America, has stopped selling products made with real fur. The Bay is among several retailers and designers that have gone fur-free in recent years, including Saks Fifth Avenue, Canada Goose, Nordstrom, Versace, Michael Kors, and Gucci.
Petition That Would Ensure the Banning of Octopus Farms in Canada Reaches 11,000 Signatures
More than 11,000 Canadians have signed a petition led by the British Columbia Society for the Prevention of Cruelty to Animals and sponsored by Green Party leader Elizabeth May, calling on the federal government to ban octopus farming in Canada. The petition seeks to prevent the importation of farmed cephalopod products into Canada and prohibit breeding them in captivity on Canadian soil. While there are not any octopus farms currently operating in Canada, there is concern that they will come to the country.
More than 11,000 Canadians have signed a petition led by the British Columbia Society for the Prevention of Cruelty to Animals and sponsored by Green Party leader Elizabeth May, calling on the federal government to ban octopus farming in Canada. The petition seeks to prevent the importation of farmed cephalopod products into Canada and prohibit breeding them in captivity on Canadian soil. While there are not any octopus farms currently operating in Canada, there is concern that they will come to the country.
Expert on Medical Assessment Panel Says Lucy the Elephant Should be Moved to Sanctuary
Lucy, an Asian elephant living alone at the Edmonton Valley Zoo, has been assessed by four experts from the non-profit organization Free The Wild. While two vets with ties to the zoo industry felt she should not be moved, the two other experts disagreed. Dr. Patricia London, an experienced elephant specialist, advocated for Lucy to be moved to The Elephant Sanctuary in Tennessee due to her lack of autonomy, space, socialization opportunities, and natural environment. Ingo Schmidinger from the Global Sanctuary for Elephants noted that the zoo had failed to diagnose a breathing condition plaguing Lucy for the last fourteen years. The assessment also found a previously unknown large uterine tumour that is now being treated.
Lucy, an Asian elephant living alone at the Edmonton Valley Zoo, has been assessed by four experts from the non-profit organization Free The Wild. While two vets with ties to the zoo industry felt she should not be moved, the two other experts disagreed. Dr. Patricia London, an experienced elephant specialist, advocated for Lucy to be moved to The Elephant Sanctuary in Tennessee due to her lack of autonomy, space, socialization opportunities, and natural environment. Ingo Schmidinger from the Global Sanctuary for Elephants noted that the zoo had failed to diagnose a breathing condition plaguing Lucy for the last fourteen years. The assessment also found a previously unknown large uterine tumour that is now being treated.
New Statistics Show Staggering Numbers of Aquatic Animals Killed for Food in Canada
According to recently released statistics from Animal Justice, over 10.2 billion aquatic animals were killed by Canadian fisheries and fish farms in 2021, over twelve times more than the number of land animals killed each year. Since the government only measures killed aquatic animals by collective weight, the organization calculated a rough estimate of the number of individuals killed by dividing the total landing weight of each species by the average weight of an individual member of that species. Animal Justice’s estimate does not include bycatch—fish and other ocean wildlife who are not the target of a fishery but who are caught and generally discarded in the fishing process––which may nearly double the number of lives lost to the commercial fishing industry. It also excludes “ghost gear,” nets and other fishing gear, which continue to catch aquatic animals after being lost or abandoned.
According to recently released statistics from Animal Justice, over 10.2 billion aquatic animals were killed by Canadian fisheries and fish farms in 2021, over twelve times more than the number of land animals killed each year. Since the government only measures killed aquatic animals by collective weight, the organization calculated a rough estimate of the number of individuals killed by dividing the total landing weight of each species by the average weight of an individual member of that species. Animal Justice’s estimate does not include bycatch—fish and other ocean wildlife who are not the target of a fishery but who are caught and generally discarded in the fishing process––which may nearly double the number of lives lost to the commercial fishing industry. It also excludes “ghost gear,” nets and other fishing gear, which continue to catch aquatic animals after being lost or abandoned.
Legislative Updates
Ontario Passes Amendments to Animal Health Act
Bill 46, the Less Red Tape, Stronger Ontario Act, 2023, has received Royal Assent, and includes amendments to the Animal Health Act, 2009 (AHA). The amendments enable the Minister of Agriculture, Food and Rural Affairs to issue a temporary response order in situations where delay in implementing the measures authorized or required by the order may substantially increase the risk to animal or human health. The Bill also amends section 18 of the AHA to achieve greater consistency in setting out an inspector’s authority to conduct an inspection to check for compliance with an existing order, including an animal health control area order, a temporary response order, and a surveillance zone order.
Bill 46, the Less Red Tape, Stronger Ontario Act, 2023, has received Royal Assent, and includes amendments to the Animal Health Act, 2009 (AHA). The amendments enable the Minister of Agriculture, Food and Rural Affairs to issue a temporary response order in situations where delay in implementing the measures authorized or required by the order may substantially increase the risk to animal or human health. The Bill also amends section 18 of the AHA to achieve greater consistency in setting out an inspector’s authority to conduct an inspection to check for compliance with an existing order, including an animal health control area order, a temporary response order, and a surveillance zone order.
Alberta Bill Would Increase Penalties for Animal Neglect
Alberta MLA Jordan Walker has introduced Bill 209, the Animal Protection (Prevention of Animal Neglect) Amendment Act, 2023, which aims to increase penalties for causing or permitting an animal to be in distress due to abuse or neglect. The proposed amendments include a fine of up to $25,000 for a first offense, a fine of up to $35,000 or imprisonment of up to six months for a second offense, and a fine of up to $50,000 or imprisonment of up to six months for a third or subsequent offense.
Alberta MLA Jordan Walker has introduced Bill 209, the Animal Protection (Prevention of Animal Neglect) Amendment Act, 2023, which aims to increase penalties for causing or permitting an animal to be in distress due to abuse or neglect. The proposed amendments include a fine of up to $25,000 for a first offense, a fine of up to $35,000 or imprisonment of up to six months for a second offense, and a fine of up to $50,000 or imprisonment of up to six months for a third or subsequent offense.
New City of Toronto Bylaw Prohibits Feeding of Wild Animals
On April 1st, new regulations under Chapter 349 of the City of Toronto’s Animals Bylaw came into effect. The regulations make it illegal to feed wildlife or leave food out to attract animals on both public and private properties in Toronto. The city is taking an educational approach to encourage compliance with the new bylaw, but those who continue to violate it could face a fine. These regulations are part of the city’s efforts to protect people and wildlife due to a rise in negative interactions involving humans and wildlife. Feeding wild animals changes their natural instincts and may increase their presence and tolerance of people, creating problems for both wildlife and Toronto communities.
On April 1st, new regulations under Chapter 349 of the City of Toronto’s Animals Bylaw came into effect. The regulations make it illegal to feed wildlife or leave food out to attract animals on both public and private properties in Toronto. The city is taking an educational approach to encourage compliance with the new bylaw, but those who continue to violate it could face a fine. These regulations are part of the city’s efforts to protect people and wildlife due to a rise in negative interactions involving humans and wildlife. Feeding wild animals changes their natural instincts and may increase their presence and tolerance of people, creating problems for both wildlife and Toronto communities.
British Columbia Government Proposes Changes to Simplify Pet Custody Disputes
The government of British Columbia has introduced Bill 17, the Family Law Amendment Act, 2023, which proposes amendments to the Family Law Act that are intended to provide guidance for people and judges involved in animal custody disputes. If passed, the amendments would require the consideration of factors such as each person's ability and willingness to care for the pet, the relationship between the child and the animal, and the risk of family violence or threat of cruelty. V. Victoria Shroff, animal law specialist at Shroff and Associates, said: “These amendments reflect how pets are valued as unique family members by society rather than as inanimate property like furniture […] Having relevant factors to consider for these difficult decisions will bring more clarity and is a welcome change.” These amendments are the first of their kind in Canada.
The government of British Columbia has introduced Bill 17, the Family Law Amendment Act, 2023, which proposes amendments to the Family Law Act that are intended to provide guidance for people and judges involved in animal custody disputes. If passed, the amendments would require the consideration of factors such as each person's ability and willingness to care for the pet, the relationship between the child and the animal, and the risk of family violence or threat of cruelty. V. Victoria Shroff, animal law specialist at Shroff and Associates, said: “These amendments reflect how pets are valued as unique family members by society rather than as inanimate property like furniture […] Having relevant factors to consider for these difficult decisions will bring more clarity and is a welcome change.” These amendments are the first of their kind in Canada.
Ontario Decides not to Proceed with Development of a Wildlife Management Strategy
The Ontario Ministry of Natural Resources and Forestry (MNRF) announced that they will not proceed with developing a provincial Wildlife Management Strategy. The strategy would have provided a comprehensive strategic plan for wildlife management in Ontario, including broad guidance for all wildlife, their habitats, and ecosystems. The MNRF sought public feedback on the proposal in 2016. If the MNRF decides to pursue a new strategy in the future, they will post a new proposal on the Environmental Registry of Ontario.
The Ontario Ministry of Natural Resources and Forestry (MNRF) announced that they will not proceed with developing a provincial Wildlife Management Strategy. The strategy would have provided a comprehensive strategic plan for wildlife management in Ontario, including broad guidance for all wildlife, their habitats, and ecosystems. The MNRF sought public feedback on the proposal in 2016. If the MNRF decides to pursue a new strategy in the future, they will post a new proposal on the Environmental Registry of Ontario.
Ontario Seeks Public Feedback on Proposal to Prescribe Invasive Species Act Instruments Under the Environmental Bill of Rights
The Ontario Ministry of Natural Resources and Forestry (MNRF) is seeking public feedback on a proposal to prescribe Prevention and Response Plans (PRPs) under the Invasive Species Act, 2015. The proposed change would require all future PRPs be posted on the Environmental Registry of Ontario for a minimum thirty-day public review and comment period. A PRP would describe measures, practices or recommended courses of action to deal with an invasive species, including preventative measures, practices to promote early detection, and measures for that species’ control or eradication. The public comment period ends on May 15th, 2023.
The Ontario Ministry of Natural Resources and Forestry (MNRF) is seeking public feedback on a proposal to prescribe Prevention and Response Plans (PRPs) under the Invasive Species Act, 2015. The proposed change would require all future PRPs be posted on the Environmental Registry of Ontario for a minimum thirty-day public review and comment period. A PRP would describe measures, practices or recommended courses of action to deal with an invasive species, including preventative measures, practices to promote early detection, and measures for that species’ control or eradication. The public comment period ends on May 15th, 2023.
Ontario Invites Public Comment on Proposal to Allow for Issuance of Licences for New Dog Train and Trial Areas
The Ontario Ministry of Natural Resources and Forestry is inviting public feedback on a proposal to amend the Fish and Wildlife Conservation Act, 1997 and regulations to allow for the issuance of licenses for new dog train and trial areas, and to allow for the transfer of existing licences. Train and trial areas are enclosed areas where wildlife is kept captive for the purpose of teaching dogs hunting skills and conducting hunting dog competitions. New train and trial areas were last approved to be established in 1997 and were intended to be phased-out over time. The public can provide input on the proposal until May 18th, 2023.
The Ontario Ministry of Natural Resources and Forestry is inviting public feedback on a proposal to amend the Fish and Wildlife Conservation Act, 1997 and regulations to allow for the issuance of licenses for new dog train and trial areas, and to allow for the transfer of existing licences. Train and trial areas are enclosed areas where wildlife is kept captive for the purpose of teaching dogs hunting skills and conducting hunting dog competitions. New train and trial areas were last approved to be established in 1997 and were intended to be phased-out over time. The public can provide input on the proposal until May 18th, 2023.
Litigation Updates
Truck Driver Who Killed Animal Rights Activist Regan Russell Sentenced to Pay $2,000
Truck driver Andrew Blake has pleaded guilty to careless driving causing the death of animal rights activist Regan Russell outside Fearmans Pork slaughterhouse located in Burlington, Ontario in June 2020. Blake pleaded guilty to the single charge under the provincial Highway Traffic Act and was ordered to pay the minimum possible fine of $2,000 while a charge of careless driving causing death could have attracted a maximum $50,000 fine plus two years in jail. Russell, a member of the Animal Save Movement, was killed while protesting the province’s ag-gag law, the Security from Trespass and Protecting Food Safety Act, 2020. Camille Labchuk, a lawyer and executive director of Animal Justice, stated: “the leniency shown by police and prosecutors in this case is troubling but not surprising. Industries that farm, transport, and slaughter animals are seldom held to account for causing unlawful animal suffering—despite clear evidence regularly provided to authorities.”
Truck driver Andrew Blake has pleaded guilty to careless driving causing the death of animal rights activist Regan Russell outside Fearmans Pork slaughterhouse located in Burlington, Ontario in June 2020. Blake pleaded guilty to the single charge under the provincial Highway Traffic Act and was ordered to pay the minimum possible fine of $2,000 while a charge of careless driving causing death could have attracted a maximum $50,000 fine plus two years in jail. Russell, a member of the Animal Save Movement, was killed while protesting the province’s ag-gag law, the Security from Trespass and Protecting Food Safety Act, 2020. Camille Labchuk, a lawyer and executive director of Animal Justice, stated: “the leniency shown by police and prosecutors in this case is troubling but not surprising. Industries that farm, transport, and slaughter animals are seldom held to account for causing unlawful animal suffering—despite clear evidence regularly provided to authorities.”
Enforcement Updates
PEI Humane Society Warns of People Impersonating Animal Protection Officers
The Prince Edward Island Humane Society has issued a warning about individuals who are falsely claiming to be Animal Protection Officers and contacting members of the public to provide incorrect information related to animal welfare. The Society advised that their Animal Protection Officers wear a uniform and drive marked vehicles, always identify themselves in phone calls and never work in plain clothes or use personal vehicles. The organization is urging anyone who suspects they have been contacted by someone misrepresenting themselves as an Animal Protection Officer to contact them immediately via phone or email.
The Prince Edward Island Humane Society has issued a warning about individuals who are falsely claiming to be Animal Protection Officers and contacting members of the public to provide incorrect information related to animal welfare. The Society advised that their Animal Protection Officers wear a uniform and drive marked vehicles, always identify themselves in phone calls and never work in plain clothes or use personal vehicles. The organization is urging anyone who suspects they have been contacted by someone misrepresenting themselves as an Animal Protection Officer to contact them immediately via phone or email.
British Columbia Puppy Mill Breeder Loses Appeal to Have Seized Dogs Returned
The British Columbia (BC) Farm Industry Review Board has rejected an appeal from Clearwater resident Kurtis Elliot to have four of his dogs returned to him. Elliot surrendered two adult dogs and had six adult dogs and seven puppies seized by the BC Society for the Prevention of Cruelty to Animals (SPCA) in January 2023. The review board also found Elliot liable for $7,608.48 claimed by the BC SPCA for care of the dogs. According to the decision, the dogs were severely underweight, lacked socialization and training, and had no suitable shelter, food, or water.
The British Columbia (BC) Farm Industry Review Board has rejected an appeal from Clearwater resident Kurtis Elliot to have four of his dogs returned to him. Elliot surrendered two adult dogs and had six adult dogs and seven puppies seized by the BC Society for the Prevention of Cruelty to Animals (SPCA) in January 2023. The review board also found Elliot liable for $7,608.48 claimed by the BC SPCA for care of the dogs. According to the decision, the dogs were severely underweight, lacked socialization and training, and had no suitable shelter, food, or water.
Calgary Serial Cat Killer to Undergo Psychiatric Assessment Ahead of Sentencing
Twenty-six year old Aleeta Raugust, a serial cat killer from Calgary, has pleaded guilty to nine charges related to animal abuse and one charge of threatening to damage property. The Crown prosecutor revealed that Raugust tortured nine cats, killing seven of them, and admitted to possibly killing other felines by throwing them into the river. Raugust showed little emotion during the hearing and admitted to adopting cats just to kill them. Although she had previously been deemed fit to stand trial, Judge Mike Dinkel agreed to send her for further mental health testing and risk assessment at a psychiatric center prior to her sentencing hearing.
Twenty-six year old Aleeta Raugust, a serial cat killer from Calgary, has pleaded guilty to nine charges related to animal abuse and one charge of threatening to damage property. The Crown prosecutor revealed that Raugust tortured nine cats, killing seven of them, and admitted to possibly killing other felines by throwing them into the river. Raugust showed little emotion during the hearing and admitted to adopting cats just to kill them. Although she had previously been deemed fit to stand trial, Judge Mike Dinkel agreed to send her for further mental health testing and risk assessment at a psychiatric center prior to her sentencing hearing.
Canada's First Electronic Storage Detection Canine is on the Job
Police for Mississauga, Brampton and the town of Caledon in Ontario announced use of the first dog in Canada trained to seek out digital storage devices that may be related to the exploitation of children. Harley is a two-year old Labrador, who recently graduated from an Electronic Storage Detection canine course in Indianapolis. She has already accompanied and will continue to accompany the Peel Region Child Exploitation Unit on search warrants to locate devices which human officers might miss, e.g. if they are small or hidden. She will play a secondary role as an emotional support dog for officers and victims, e.g. during interviews.
Police for Mississauga, Brampton and the town of Caledon in Ontario announced use of the first dog in Canada trained to seek out digital storage devices that may be related to the exploitation of children. Harley is a two-year old Labrador, who recently graduated from an Electronic Storage Detection canine course in Indianapolis. She has already accompanied and will continue to accompany the Peel Region Child Exploitation Unit on search warrants to locate devices which human officers might miss, e.g. if they are small or hidden. She will play a secondary role as an emotional support dog for officers and victims, e.g. during interviews.
British Columbia Farmer Fined Over $22,000 for Illegal Dumping of Slaughterhouse Waste
A farmer named Gordon Truswell in Cobble Hill, British Columbia, has allegedly been illegally dumping slaughterhouse waste from Island Farmhouse Poultry on his properties for at least three years. In November 2022, he was fined $22,100 for environmental violations related to the dumping and is appealing those penalties. Additional penalties have been recommended following an inspection on February 14th, 2023. Truswell has a second property where he continues to accept slaughter waste from Island Farmhouse Poultry. The poultry company has been ordered to stop discharging or apply for a permit. Local residents are concerned about contamination of the aquifer, threats to wildlife and fish populations, and harm to the Koksilah watershed and river.
A farmer named Gordon Truswell in Cobble Hill, British Columbia, has allegedly been illegally dumping slaughterhouse waste from Island Farmhouse Poultry on his properties for at least three years. In November 2022, he was fined $22,100 for environmental violations related to the dumping and is appealing those penalties. Additional penalties have been recommended following an inspection on February 14th, 2023. Truswell has a second property where he continues to accept slaughter waste from Island Farmhouse Poultry. The poultry company has been ordered to stop discharging or apply for a permit. Local residents are concerned about contamination of the aquifer, threats to wildlife and fish populations, and harm to the Koksilah watershed and river.
Agency Updates
Federal Budget Commits to Outlawing Cosmetic Testing on Animals
The Canadian government has confirmed its commitment to banning cosmetics animal testing and trade in its 2023 federal budget. The proposed amendments to the Food and Drugs Act are expected to be included in the pending budget implementation bill, positioning Canada as a global leader in promoting alternatives to animal testing. Animal protection groups and industry stakeholders have welcomed the news, calling on the Canadian government to introduce the legislation at the earliest opportunity.
The Canadian government has confirmed its commitment to banning cosmetics animal testing and trade in its 2023 federal budget. The proposed amendments to the Food and Drugs Act are expected to be included in the pending budget implementation bill, positioning Canada as a global leader in promoting alternatives to animal testing. Animal protection groups and industry stakeholders have welcomed the news, calling on the Canadian government to introduce the legislation at the earliest opportunity.
City of Calgary to Allow Unlimited Number of Backyard Hen Licences
The City of Calgary has announced that there will be no limit on the number of urban livestock licenses issued to those who want to keep backyard hens this year. Last year, the city capped the number of licenses at 100, but received 136 applications. Applicants for the urban hen program must be eighteen years or older, complete approved hen-keeping and care training, and own the property on which the hens will be kept or have written permission from the property owner. When asked about the decision, spokesperson Tara Decker said: "We heard from Calgarians that modern pet ownership means more than just caring for cats and dogs.”
The City of Calgary has announced that there will be no limit on the number of urban livestock licenses issued to those who want to keep backyard hens this year. Last year, the city capped the number of licenses at 100, but received 136 applications. Applicants for the urban hen program must be eighteen years or older, complete approved hen-keeping and care training, and own the property on which the hens will be kept or have written permission from the property owner. When asked about the decision, spokesperson Tara Decker said: "We heard from Calgarians that modern pet ownership means more than just caring for cats and dogs.”
Updated Code of Practice for the Care and Handling of Dairy Cattle Released
The National Farm Animal Care Council (NFACC) and Dairy Farmers of Canada (DFC) have released an updated Code of Practice for the Care and Handling of Dairy Cattle, replacing the previous 2009 Code. The Code provides guidance for the care and treatment of dairy cattle, including in relation to nutrition, housing, disease and injury prevention, pain control, and more. The updated Code will be come into effect on April 1st, 2024.
The National Farm Animal Care Council (NFACC) and Dairy Farmers of Canada (DFC) have released an updated Code of Practice for the Care and Handling of Dairy Cattle, replacing the previous 2009 Code. The Code provides guidance for the care and treatment of dairy cattle, including in relation to nutrition, housing, disease and injury prevention, pain control, and more. The updated Code will be come into effect on April 1st, 2024.
Freedom of Information Request Reveals Turkeys Brutally Killed in Avian Flu Outbreak at Quebec Farm
Government emails obtained by Animal Justice through a freedom of information request reveal that thousands of turkeys were brutally killed at a Quebec farm during an avian influenza outbreak. According to the emails, the Canadian Food Inspection Agency originally planned to suffocate the birds with carbon dioxide gas but had to use captive bolt guns and a castration tool to kill the birds one-by-one when the gas was unavailable. There was no mention of measures taken to ensure the animals were dead or unconscious, which could have left improperly stunned or killed birds to suffer for extended periods.
Government emails obtained by Animal Justice through a freedom of information request reveal that thousands of turkeys were brutally killed at a Quebec farm during an avian influenza outbreak. According to the emails, the Canadian Food Inspection Agency originally planned to suffocate the birds with carbon dioxide gas but had to use captive bolt guns and a castration tool to kill the birds one-by-one when the gas was unavailable. There was no mention of measures taken to ensure the animals were dead or unconscious, which could have left improperly stunned or killed birds to suffer for extended periods.
Academic Updates
Academic Article Examines Social Media Response to News Articles on Animal Welfare in Australia
Abstract: Animal welfare legislation in Australia is influenced by “community expectations.” Given a major source of publicly available information on animal welfare law is that from media articles, it is likely the information discussed online could be influencing public opinion and consequently shaping animal welfare legislation reform efforts. This study examined the social media discourse in response to news articles on animal welfare law in Australia. A content analysis was applied to Facebook comments from posts originating from a formal news agency discussing animal cruelty and penalties over a six-month period between 1 June 2019 to 1 December 2019. All posts were screened against eligibility criteria and imported into NVivo for inductive coding. A total of 24 Facebook posts with an accumulative 1,723 comments were coded and thematically analyzed. Six primary themes were generated from the analysis: (1) failure of the court system; (2) failure of the legislation; (3) failure of the government; (4) emotive reactions; (5) risk of violence; and (6) mistrust in the media. The social media discourse was scathing of the legal system, with a particular focus on failings of the animal welfare law justice system. It is likely that this type of discourse surrounding animal law enforcement could be playing an influential role over the “expectations” influencing animal welfare legislation reform in Australia.
Abstract: Animal welfare legislation in Australia is influenced by “community expectations.” Given a major source of publicly available information on animal welfare law is that from media articles, it is likely the information discussed online could be influencing public opinion and consequently shaping animal welfare legislation reform efforts. This study examined the social media discourse in response to news articles on animal welfare law in Australia. A content analysis was applied to Facebook comments from posts originating from a formal news agency discussing animal cruelty and penalties over a six-month period between 1 June 2019 to 1 December 2019. All posts were screened against eligibility criteria and imported into NVivo for inductive coding. A total of 24 Facebook posts with an accumulative 1,723 comments were coded and thematically analyzed. Six primary themes were generated from the analysis: (1) failure of the court system; (2) failure of the legislation; (3) failure of the government; (4) emotive reactions; (5) risk of violence; and (6) mistrust in the media. The social media discourse was scathing of the legal system, with a particular focus on failings of the animal welfare law justice system. It is likely that this type of discourse surrounding animal law enforcement could be playing an influential role over the “expectations” influencing animal welfare legislation reform in Australia.
New Book Encourages People to Reconsider How They Think About Chickens
Tove Danovich, Under the Henfluence: Inside the World of Backyard Chickens and the People Who Love Them (US: Agate Surrey, 2023).
Summary: An immersive blend of chicken-keeping memoir and culture reporting by a journalist who accidentally became obsessed with her flock.
Since first domesticating the chicken thousands of years ago, humans have become exceptionally adept at raising them for food. Yet most people rarely interact with chickens or know much about them. In Under the Henfluence, culture reporter Tove Danovich explores the lives of these quirky, mysterious birds who stole her heart the moment her first box of chicks arrived at the post office.
Tove Danovich, Under the Henfluence: Inside the World of Backyard Chickens and the People Who Love Them (US: Agate Surrey, 2023).
Summary: An immersive blend of chicken-keeping memoir and culture reporting by a journalist who accidentally became obsessed with her flock.
Since first domesticating the chicken thousands of years ago, humans have become exceptionally adept at raising them for food. Yet most people rarely interact with chickens or know much about them. In Under the Henfluence, culture reporter Tove Danovich explores the lives of these quirky, mysterious birds who stole her heart the moment her first box of chicks arrived at the post office.
New Book Studies Nature Conservation in Palestine-Israel Through Lens of Settler Colonialism
Irus Braverman, Settling Nature: The Conservation Regime in Palestine-Israel (US: University of Minnesota Press, 2023).
Abstract: Settling Nature draws on more than a decade of ethnographic fieldwork to document how the administration of nature in Palestine-Israel advances the Zionist project of Jewish settlement alongside the corresponding dispossession of non-Jews from this space. Highlighting the violent repercussions of Israel’s conservation regime, Braverman plants the seeds for possible reimaginings of nature that transcend the grip of the state’s settler ecologies.
Irus Braverman, Settling Nature: The Conservation Regime in Palestine-Israel (US: University of Minnesota Press, 2023).
Abstract: Settling Nature draws on more than a decade of ethnographic fieldwork to document how the administration of nature in Palestine-Israel advances the Zionist project of Jewish settlement alongside the corresponding dispossession of non-Jews from this space. Highlighting the violent repercussions of Israel’s conservation regime, Braverman plants the seeds for possible reimaginings of nature that transcend the grip of the state’s settler ecologies.
International Updates
UK House of Commons Passes Legislation to Ban Trophy Hunting Imports
The Hunting Trophies (Import Prohibition) Bill has passed the United Kingdom’s House of Commons and will now proceed through the House of Lords. The bill, put forward by Conservative Member of Parliament Henry Smith, would prohibit the import of hunting trophies of animals listed by CITES into Great Britain. Smith said: “Our country does not want to be part of a trade in the body parts of endangered species. Today the Commons sent this message loud and clear.”
The Hunting Trophies (Import Prohibition) Bill has passed the United Kingdom’s House of Commons and will now proceed through the House of Lords. The bill, put forward by Conservative Member of Parliament Henry Smith, would prohibit the import of hunting trophies of animals listed by CITES into Great Britain. Smith said: “Our country does not want to be part of a trade in the body parts of endangered species. Today the Commons sent this message loud and clear.”
UK Gene Editing Bill Passes into Law
The United Kingdom’s Genetic Technology (Precision Breeding) Act has become law, allowing for the research, development, and marketing of precision-bred plants and animals using gene-editing technology. Although the law initially only applies to plants, ministers can allow gene-edited animals when a regulatory framework is in place. The law has been criticized by animal welfare advocates who are concerned the Act opens the door to technology being used to create cats and dogs with extreme features. They also raised issues about invasive procedures, unpredictable effects, and ethical considerations associated with gene-editing animals.
The United Kingdom’s Genetic Technology (Precision Breeding) Act has become law, allowing for the research, development, and marketing of precision-bred plants and animals using gene-editing technology. Although the law initially only applies to plants, ministers can allow gene-edited animals when a regulatory framework is in place. The law has been criticized by animal welfare advocates who are concerned the Act opens the door to technology being used to create cats and dogs with extreme features. They also raised issues about invasive procedures, unpredictable effects, and ethical considerations associated with gene-editing animals.
Miami Seaquarium Announces Plans to Return Orca to Home Waters
A plan to return a southern resident orca named Lolita to her home waters off the coast of Washington State has been announced. The owners of Miami Seaquarium, where Lolita currently resides, shared the creation of a “formal and binding agreement” with Florida non-profit Friends of Lolita to return her to Puget Sound. The goal is to accomplish this relocation within eighteen months to two years. Last year, the company then taking over the Miami Seaquarium, MS Leisure, determined that Lolita would no longer be put on display due to her deteriorating health. She was captured in the waters of Washington state in 1970. At the age of fifty-seven, she is considered to be the oldest orca whale still held in captivity.
A plan to return a southern resident orca named Lolita to her home waters off the coast of Washington State has been announced. The owners of Miami Seaquarium, where Lolita currently resides, shared the creation of a “formal and binding agreement” with Florida non-profit Friends of Lolita to return her to Puget Sound. The goal is to accomplish this relocation within eighteen months to two years. Last year, the company then taking over the Miami Seaquarium, MS Leisure, determined that Lolita would no longer be put on display due to her deteriorating health. She was captured in the waters of Washington state in 1970. At the age of fifty-seven, she is considered to be the oldest orca whale still held in captivity.
Italy Proposes Ban on Cultivated Meat
The Italian government has proposed a bill that would prohibit the sale of cultivated meat and other synthetic foods, highlighting a desire to promote Italian food heritage and culture. Under the new bill, synthetic foods produced from animal cells, lab produced fish and synthetic milk would be banned, with fines of up to €60,000 for any violations.
The Italian government has proposed a bill that would prohibit the sale of cultivated meat and other synthetic foods, highlighting a desire to promote Italian food heritage and culture. Under the new bill, synthetic foods produced from animal cells, lab produced fish and synthetic milk would be banned, with fines of up to €60,000 for any violations.
Other Updates
Leaked Draft of Latest IPCC Report Reveals Meat Industry Blocked Attempt to Recommend a Plant-Based Diet
A leaked draft of the latest report from the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change (IPCC) has revealed how countries with influential beef industries such as Brazil and Argentina have pushed for the removal of a recommendation for a shift to plant-based diets. The original draft stated that "plant-based diets can reduce GHG emissions by up to 50% compared to the average emission-intensive Western diet," but the published report's wording was changed to "balanced, sustainable healthy diets acknowledging nutritional needs." The report did not directly mention beef and dairy or wealthy countries that should urgently reduce meat consumption.
A leaked draft of the latest report from the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change (IPCC) has revealed how countries with influential beef industries such as Brazil and Argentina have pushed for the removal of a recommendation for a shift to plant-based diets. The original draft stated that "plant-based diets can reduce GHG emissions by up to 50% compared to the average emission-intensive Western diet," but the published report's wording was changed to "balanced, sustainable healthy diets acknowledging nutritional needs." The report did not directly mention beef and dairy or wealthy countries that should urgently reduce meat consumption.
The Bay Goes Fur-Free
The Hudson’s Bay Company (the Bay), the oldest retailer in Canada and once the largest fur trader in North America, has stopped selling products made with real fur. The Bay is among several retailers and designers that have gone fur-free in recent years, including Saks Fifth Avenue, Canada Goose, Nordstrom, Versace, Michael Kors, and Gucci.
The Hudson’s Bay Company (the Bay), the oldest retailer in Canada and once the largest fur trader in North America, has stopped selling products made with real fur. The Bay is among several retailers and designers that have gone fur-free in recent years, including Saks Fifth Avenue, Canada Goose, Nordstrom, Versace, Michael Kors, and Gucci.
Petition That Would Ensure the Banning of Octopus Farms in Canada Reaches 11,000 Signatures
More than 11,000 Canadians have signed a petition led by the British Columbia Society for the Prevention of Cruelty to Animals and sponsored by Green Party leader Elizabeth May, calling on the federal government to ban octopus farming in Canada. The petition seeks to prevent the importation of farmed cephalopod products into Canada and prohibit breeding them in captivity on Canadian soil. While there are not any octopus farms currently operating in Canada, there is concern that they will come to the country.
More than 11,000 Canadians have signed a petition led by the British Columbia Society for the Prevention of Cruelty to Animals and sponsored by Green Party leader Elizabeth May, calling on the federal government to ban octopus farming in Canada. The petition seeks to prevent the importation of farmed cephalopod products into Canada and prohibit breeding them in captivity on Canadian soil. While there are not any octopus farms currently operating in Canada, there is concern that they will come to the country.
Horse Dies on Set of Lord of the Rings Spin-Off Show
Animal rights group People for the Ethical Treatment of Animals has criticized Amazon’s The Lord of the Rings spin-off series, The Rings of Power, after a horse died during rehearsals for the show’s second season in the United Kingdom. The group called for productions to use Computer-Generated Imagery in place of real animals, claiming that the series was “exploiting animals.” This is not the first time the franchise has been scrutinized for animal deaths on set, as animal wranglers on the set of the 2012 film "The Hobbit: An Unexpected Journey" alleged that three horses and other farm animals died during production, leading PETA to launch a petition urging filmgoers to boycott movies where animals had been harmed.
Animal rights group People for the Ethical Treatment of Animals has criticized Amazon’s The Lord of the Rings spin-off series, The Rings of Power, after a horse died during rehearsals for the show’s second season in the United Kingdom. The group called for productions to use Computer-Generated Imagery in place of real animals, claiming that the series was “exploiting animals.” This is not the first time the franchise has been scrutinized for animal deaths on set, as animal wranglers on the set of the 2012 film "The Hobbit: An Unexpected Journey" alleged that three horses and other farm animals died during production, leading PETA to launch a petition urging filmgoers to boycott movies where animals had been harmed.
Expert on Medical Assessment Panel Says Lucy the Elephant Should be Moved to Sanctuary
Lucy, an Asian elephant living alone at the Edmonton Valley Zoo, has been assessed by four experts from the non-profit organization Free The Wild. While two vets with ties to the zoo industry felt she should not be moved, the two other experts disagreed. Dr. Patricia London, an experienced elephant specialist, advocated for Lucy to be moved to The Elephant Sanctuary in Tennessee due to her lack of autonomy, space, socialization opportunities, and natural environment. Ingo Schmidinger from the Global Sanctuary for Elephants noted that the zoo had failed to diagnose a breathing condition plaguing Lucy for the last fourteen years. The assessment also found a previously unknown large uterine tumour that is now being treated.
Lucy, an Asian elephant living alone at the Edmonton Valley Zoo, has been assessed by four experts from the non-profit organization Free The Wild. While two vets with ties to the zoo industry felt she should not be moved, the two other experts disagreed. Dr. Patricia London, an experienced elephant specialist, advocated for Lucy to be moved to The Elephant Sanctuary in Tennessee due to her lack of autonomy, space, socialization opportunities, and natural environment. Ingo Schmidinger from the Global Sanctuary for Elephants noted that the zoo had failed to diagnose a breathing condition plaguing Lucy for the last fourteen years. The assessment also found a previously unknown large uterine tumour that is now being treated.
New Statistics Show Staggering Numbers of Aquatic Animals Killed for Food in Canada
According to recently released statistics from Animal Justice, over 10.2 billion aquatic animals were killed by Canadian fisheries and fish farms in 2021, over twelve times more than the number of land animals killed each year. Since the government only measures killed aquatic animals by collective weight, the organization calculated a rough estimate of the number of individuals killed by dividing the total landing weight of each species by the average weight of an individual member of that species. Animal Justice’s estimate does not include bycatch—fish and other ocean wildlife who are not the target of a fishery but who are caught and generally discarded in the fishing process––which may nearly double the number of lives lost to the commercial fishing industry. It also excludes “ghost gear,” nets and other fishing gear, which continue to catch aquatic animals after being lost or abandoned.
According to recently released statistics from Animal Justice, over 10.2 billion aquatic animals were killed by Canadian fisheries and fish farms in 2021, over twelve times more than the number of land animals killed each year. Since the government only measures killed aquatic animals by collective weight, the organization calculated a rough estimate of the number of individuals killed by dividing the total landing weight of each species by the average weight of an individual member of that species. Animal Justice’s estimate does not include bycatch—fish and other ocean wildlife who are not the target of a fishery but who are caught and generally discarded in the fishing process––which may nearly double the number of lives lost to the commercial fishing industry. It also excludes “ghost gear,” nets and other fishing gear, which continue to catch aquatic animals after being lost or abandoned.